The response of the equatorial Indian Ocean climate to global warming is investigated using model outputs submitted to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report. In all of the analyzed climate models, the SSTs in the western equatorial Indian Ocean warm more than the SSTs in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean under global warming; the mean SST gradient acros...

In the title triangulo-triruthenium compound, [Ru(3)(C(6)H(12)Cl(3)O(3)P)(CO)(11)], one equatorial carbonyl ligand is substituted by a monodentate phosphite ligand, leaving one equatorial and two axial carbonyl ligands on one Ru atom. The remaining two Ru atoms each carry two equatorial and two axial terminal carbonyl ligands. In the crystal structure, the mol-ecules are linked into a one-dimen...

This chapter reviews the progress made in the past decade in understanding tropical Atlantic climate variability. In addition to an equatorially anti-symmetric seasonal cycle forced directly by the seasonal march of the sun, Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) displays a pronounced annual cycle on the equator that results from continental monsoon forcing and air-sea interaction. This cycle i...

Numerical experiments with a coupled model have been carried out to test the heat-pump hypothesis for ENSO. The hypothesis states that the level of ENSO activity is controlled by the meridional differential surface heating over the Pacific: either an enhanced surface heating over the equatorial region or an enhanced cooling over the subtropical/extratropical ocean may result in a regime with st...

Previous studies of transmural left ventricular (LV) strains suggested that the myocardium overlying the papillary muscle displays decreased deformation relative to the anterior LV free wall or significant regional heterogeneity. These comparisons, however, were made using different hearts. We sought to extend these studies by examining three equatorial LV regions in the same heart during the s...

Historically, our knowledge of the circulation patterns in the tropics was derived from compilations of shipdrift data and so was restricted to a description of the surface currents. Although information of this type is crude, a picture of the spatial and temporal structure of the surface flow field was deduced over the years, and it has been little improved upon in the modern era of instrument...

The basic ingredients for tropical cyclogenesis have been well established: a sufficiently deep warm ocean layer, low-level cyclonic vorticity, weak vertical wind shear, and deep moist convection (e. et al. 2008) have attributed cyclogenesis to a variety of low-level precursor systems that enhance one or more of these ingredients. These studies have traditionally focused on features such as the...