the mucus layer on the skin of fish contain a several of antimicrobial compounds that provide a first line of defense against fish pathogens. this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of prebiotic grobiotic®-a on antimicrobial activity and some immune parameters of mucus of cultured juvenile beluga (huso huso). for this purpose, four groups of beluga sturgeon with mea...

Mucus is a critical part of the human body’s immune system that traps and carries away various particulates such as anthropogenic pollutants, pollen, viruses, etc. Various synthetic hydrogels have been developed to mimic mucus, using different polymers their backbones. Common these simulants three-dimensional gel network physically crosslinked capable loosely entrapping water within. Two challe...

background and objective: chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) is one of the most common chronic diseases. in the past decades, there has been an increase in fungal infections of sinuses and fungal rhinosinusitis (frs) has been diagnosed more frequently. knowing the fungal flora and its prevalence in crs patients will allow a better understanding of this disease, permitting a correct diagnosis, treatme...

Camelpox remains a widespread viral disease in camelids, with socioeconomic relevance. The present study explored the hematological, biochemical, and histopathological alterations dromedary-racing camels from North of Oman infected camelpox virus diagnosed by real-time PCR. Blood skin samples were collected clinical signs lesions (n=4) healthy (n=3) 10 different camel herds. results indicated t...

Elasmobranchs represent a distinct group of cartilaginous fishes that harbor a remarkable ability to heal wounds rapidly and without infection. To date very little work has addressed this phenomenon although it is suggested that antibiotic capabilities associated with epidermal surfaces may be a factor. The study of benefits derived from mutualistic interactions between unicellular and multicel...

Background: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major catechins in Chinese green tea, has been studied for its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties in cell and animal models. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effects of EGCG on cigarette smoke (CS)-induced airway inflammation and mucus secret...

Mucociliary clearance is a critical innate defense system responsible for clearing up invading pathogens including bacteria and virus. Although the right amount of mucus is good, excessive mucus causes airway obstruction and tends to precipitate disease symptoms. Rhinovirus (RV) is a common cold virus that causes asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation. Mucus overproductio...

background of the study: colorectal cancer (crc) which is the third most diagnosed cancer throughout the world is steadily rising in the asian countries with the incidence rates mimicking the western counterparts. the pre-neoplastic nature of the transitional mucosa (tm) adjoining crc lacks conclusive evidence so far. pertaining to this, the study of the mucus layer, the functional component of...