This paper was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Air Resources Board (ARB) and the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA). It does not necessarily represent the views of the California Energy Commission, ARB, Cal/EPA, their employees, or the State of California. The Energy Commission, ARB, Cal/EPA, the State of California, their employees, contractors, and...

Yearly allocations to EPA Superfund cleanups are relatively fixed, but like other federal agencies, the EPA is given significant flexibility over where to clean sites that do not pose an immediate threat to human health. Given that Superfund cleanups are associated with local economic benefits, such as increased housing values, we show in a theoretical model that spatially heterogeneous economi...

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Engineering Issue papers are a series of documents that summarize the available information on specific contaminants, selected treatment and site remediation technologies, and related issues. This Engineering Issue paper is intended to provide remedial project managers (RPMs), on-scene coordinators (OSCs), contractors, and other state or private re...

BACKGROUND Biological pathway-based chemical testing approaches are central to the National Research Council's vision for 21st century toxicity testing. Approaches such as high-throughput in vitro screening offer the potential to evaluate thousands of chemicals faster and cheaper than ever before and to reduce testing on laboratory animals. Collaborative scientific engagement is important in ad...

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates pesticides under two major statutory authorities: the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), and the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA). Under FIFRA, the EPA has the authority to regulate the development, sale, distribution, use, storage, and disposal of pesticides. To be registered, FIFRA required that a pesti...

In the early 1990s, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) started a grant program to assist communities redevelop brownfields, which are abandoned or underutilized sites that have real or perceived contamination. In addition to determining if the communities receiving the grants were the most distressed cities in the United States, we also evaluate the U.S. EPA program in terms of...

This paper was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Energy Commission (Energy Commission) and the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA). It does not necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, Cal/EPA, their employees, or the State of California. The Energy Commission, Cal/EPA, the State of California, their employees, contractors, and subcontr...

DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Energy Commission (Energy Commission) and the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA). It does not necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, Cal/EPA, their employees, or the State of California. The Energy Commission, Cal/EPA, the State of California, their employees, contractors, ...

This report was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Energy Commission (Energy Commission) and the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA). It does not necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, Cal/EPA, their employees, or the State of California. The Energy Commission, Cal/EPA, the State of California, their employees, contractors, and subcont...

This paper was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Air Resources Board (ARB) and the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA). It does not necessarily represent the views of the California Energy Commission, ARB, Cal/EPA, their employees, or the State of California. The Energy Commission, ARB, Cal/EPA, the State of California, their employees, contractors, and...