In a biorefinery context it is an advantage to fractionate and extract different wood components in a relatively pure form. However, one major obstacle for efficient extraction of wood polymers (lignin, polysaccharides etc.) is the covalent lignin-polysaccharide networks present in lignified cell walls. Enzymatic catalysis might be a useful tool for a controlled degradation of these networks, t...

Polymers of norbornenyl-modified peptide-based enzyme substrates have been prepared via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Peptides displayed on water-soluble homopolymers retain the ability to be enzymatically processed by a disease-associated enzyme. In contrast, when the peptides are densely arrayed on a nanoparticle derived from a self-assembled amphiphilic block-copolymer, they...

Chemi-enzymatic synthesis of ribavirin acrylate and subsequent RAFT co-polymerization with acrylic acid afforded a formulation of a broad spectrum antiviral drug which avoids accumulation in erythrocytes, the origin of the main side effect of ribavirin. In cultured macrophages the macromolecular prodrugs exhibited decreased toxicity while maintaining the anti-inflammatory action of ribavirin.

We describe the use of ATP caged with [7-(diethylamino)coumarin-4-yl]methyl (DEACM) for light-controlled in vitro transcription reactions. Polymerization is blocked when DEACM is bonded to the gamma phosphate group of the ATP molecule. Controlled light irradiation releases ATP and transcription is initiated. In order to provide full control over the process, conditions involved in substrate rel...

The enzymatic oxidative polymerization of five technical lignins with different molecular properties, i.e. Soda Grass/Wheat straw Lignin, Organosolv Hardwood Lignin, Soda Wheat straw Lignin, Alkali pretreated Wheat straw Lignin, and Kraft Softwood was studied. All lignins were previously fractionated by acetone/water 50:50 (v/v) and the laccase-catalyzed polymerization of the low molecular weig...

A fundamental question of biology is how nucleic acids first assembled and then were incorporated into the earliest forms of cellular life 4 billion years ago. The polymerization of nucleotides is a condensation reaction in which phosphodiester bonds are formed. This reaction cannot occur in aqueous solutions, but guided polymerization in an anhydrous lipid environment could promote a non-enzym...

The combinatorial synthesis of 2-aminophenoxazin-3-one (APO) in a microfluidic device is reported. Individual microfluidic chips containing metallic zinc, silica-immobilized hydroxylaminobenzene mutase and silica-immobilized soybean peroxidase are connected in series to create a chemo-enzymatic system for synthesis. Zinc catalyzes the initial reduction of nitrobenzene to hydroxylaminobenzene wh...

Enzymatic modification is an effective method to inhibit starch retrogradation. However, lack of quantification relationships between enzymatic and retrogradation makes the improvement unpredictable. In this study, maltogenic α-amylase (MA) was used treat wheat granules restrain retrogradation, aiming elucidate mechanism MA hydrolysis on establish a quantitative relationship degree (DH) Scannin...

Given the fossil fuel crisis and steady consumption of finite resources, use green polymers is becoming necessary. However, term “green” describes materials that present properties (such as biological origin and/or biodegradability) are produced via sustainable processes conducted under mild conditions not requiring chemical catalysts, toxic solvents or reagents. Truly must combine these charac...