We propose a framework for managing resources via convergent operators. Operators represent their need for a resource to a designated resource closure operator that manages the resource. We evaluate a specific design for a resource closure operator by simulation and demonstrate that the operator achieves a near-optimal balance between cost and value without using any model of the relationship b...

ABSTRACT- Sustainability and environmental management are the most cited ideas linking the environment and development. The sustainability of natural resources depends upon our paradigm and related approaches to the relationship between society and the environment. Efficient management is a primary task due to the pressure on nature. Ecological footprint analysis has been intro...

the first step in policy making is describing the objectives and choosing the policy instruments and management strategies and then, analyzing and assessing the impacts of them. in this study, farmers’ responses to selected policy instruments and management strategies were assessed using a semi-distributed planning model in qazvin irrigation and drainage network. the proposed model, simulates t...

The major planning theories provide a theoretical foundation for environmental planning. This study extends the major planning theories and develops a robust conceptual framework to measure the key factors influencing local environmental-plan quality. A random sample of forty Californian local comprehensive land-use plans and associated planning processes is analyzed to identify the critical fa...

Rapid urbanization has brought environmentally, socially, and economically great challenges to cities and societies. To build a sustainable city, these challenges need to be faced efficiently and successfully. This paper focuses on the environmental issues and investigates the ecological approaches for planning sustainable cities through a comprehensive review of the relevant literature. The re...

Enterprise applications implement business resource management systems, customer relationship management systems, and general systems for commerce. These applications rely on infrastructure that represents the vast majority of the world’s computing resources. Most of this infrastructure is lightly utilized and inflexible. This paper considers the role of Grid technologies in increasing the util...

Disclaimer: The UK Department for International Development (DFID) supports policies, programmes and projects to promote international development. DFID provided funds for this study as part of that objective but the views and opinions expressed are those of the authors alone.