The aim of this thesis is to assess potential environmental impacts of electronic media distribution and consumption—from a life cycle perspective—as compared to those of print media. The thesis consists of a cover essay and two papers appended at the end of the thesis. The cover essay summarizes the papers and puts them in context. The main objectives of the thesis are twofold: to assess poten...

Background Studies investigating diet-related environmental impacts have rarely considered the production method of the foods consumed. The objective of the present study, based on the NutriNet-Santé cohort, was to investigate the relationship between a provegetarian score and diet-related environmental impacts. We also evaluated potential effect modifications on the association between a prove...

The identification and assessment of the environmental impacts of engineering projects is an essential step in studies on environmental impact (IES). There are methods that allow both tasks to be performed and methods that allow each of them to be carried out separately. Normally, traditional methods are used to identify and evaluate environmental impacts, such as matrices, cause-effect network...

this paper investigates the impacts of economic and financial developments on environmental pollution for 6 opec countries using panel cointegration and panel long-run estimator (dols) over the period 1980–2008.  the results shows that both economic and financial development have significant effect on the environmental quality in selected opec economies. the findings not support the existence o...

ii ABSTRACT In certain types of fleet systems, the environmental impacts of fleet operation are, to some extent, a controllable function of vehicle routing and scheduling decisions. However, there has been little prior work that has considered environmental impacts in fleet vehicle routing and scheduling optimization, in particular, where the impacts were assessed systematically utilizing life-...

We define key research questions as a stimulus to research in the area of industrial ecology. The first group of questions addresses analytical support for green engineering and environmental policy. They relate to (i) tools for green engineering, (ii) improvements in life cycle assessment, (iii) aggregation of environmental impacts, and (iv) effectiveness of a range of innovative policy approa...

2014 INTRODUCTION The significance of environmental impacts plays a key role in how agencies of the Federal government implement the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). 1 Section 102 of NEPA establishes a requirement that agencies include a detailed statement of the environmental impacts (environmental impact statement, or EIS) of " proposals for legislation and other major Federal action...

Policymakers are increasingly interested in the wider consequences of major sporting events, including their environmental impacts. Indeed, London 2012 included as part of its winning Olympic bid a commitment to measure and take steps to minimize the environmental impacts of the forthcoming Games. This paper demonstrates how the ‘Ecological Footprint’ has been used to measure the environmental ...

The California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA) Environmental Justice Action Plan calls for guidelines for evaluating "cumulative impacts." As a first step toward such guidelines, a screening methodology for assessing cumulative impacts in communities was developed. The method, presented here, is based on the working definition of cumulative impacts adopted by Cal/EPA: "Cumulative impa...

environmental impact assessment (ela) today is a planning tool that is used for the prediction of environmental impacts. there are several methods to assess environmental impacts in the world and iran as well. among them system analysis approach using degradation model (makhdoum, 1996) has shown it's effectiveness. degradation model is used at different levels including the basin , catchme...