We studied the performance of three computed radiography and three direct radiography systems with regard to the image noise and entrance skin dose based on a chest phantom. Images were obtained with kVp of 100, 110, and 120 and mA settings of 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10. Significant differences of image noise were found in these digital chest radiography systems (P<.0001). Standard deviation was signif...

Background: Intraoral radiographies are the most frequent X-ray examinations in humans. According to International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) recommendations, the selection of a diagnostic reference level (DRL) should be specific to a country or region. Critica l organs such as thyroid gland are exposed to X-rays in intraoral radiography and these exposures should be kept as low ...

Introduction High doses of ionizing radiation can lead to adverse health outcomes such as cancer induction in humans. Although the consequences are less evident at very low radiation doses, the associated risks are of societal importance. This study aimed at assessing entrance skin doses (ESDs) in patients undergoing selected diagnostic X-ray examinations at public hospitals of Akwa Ibom State,...

Children with complex congenital heart diseases often require repeated cardiac catheterization; however, children are more radiosensitive than adults. Therefore, radiation-induced carcinogenesis is an important consideration for children who undergo those procedures. We measured entrance skin doses (ESDs) using radio-photoluminescence dosimeter (RPLD) chips during cardiac catheterization for 15...

Entrance skin dose (ESD) is an important parameter for assessing the dose received by a patient in a single radiographic exposure. The most useful way to evaluate ESD is either by direct measurement on phantoms using an ionization chamber or using calculations based on a mathematical model. We compared six phantoms (three anthropomorphic, two physical, and one mathematical) in 11 standard clini...

Objective: A commercially available dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner normally provides more than 1 scan mode. The differences between scan modes affect scan time, received radiation dose, and quality of the scan image. A phantom study was performed to evaluate the performance of different scan modes for anteriorposterior spine scan. Patients and Methods: To measure the entrance skin exp...

In pediatric radiology, radiological protection is of vital importance due to the great radio-sensitivity of body tissues in childhood, which can come to present stochastic effects as children have a longer life expectancy. The objective of this research is to establish diagnostic reference levels in chest exam pediatric patients. The study, carried out in one of the largest pediatric centers o...

This study was conducted on a human anthropomorphic phantom to investigate the effective dose and entrance skin dose (ESD) in selected radiosensitive organs through invasive and computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography procedures using different dose-saving techniques. The effective dose was calculated as 2.49, 3.35 and 9.62 mSv, respectively, corresponding to three coronary CT angiography...