نتایج جستجو برای: energy carriers
تعداد نتایج: 707965 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Abstract The presented work investigates the degradation of an ecological energy carrier in form changes its properties, which was subjected to dynamic loading through a test device laboratory conditions. primary goal describe process itself terms obtained data analysis kinematic viscosity, water content, acidity number, and X-ray spectrometry. focused on monitoring values increase contaminants...
In the real world, many goods and services are practically not produced under the conditions of full competition, and most public utilities such as water, electricity, gas, and telephone are operated under monopoly conditions, among which the electricity industry has a special place regarding the price of energy carriers in the country, subsidies from the government, limitation of fossil resour...
Understanding cooling of hot charge carriers in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) is of fundamental interest and useful to enhance the performance of QDs in photovoltaics. We study electron and hole cooling dynamics in PbSe QDs up to high energies where carrier multiplication occurs. We characterize distinct cooling steps of hot electrons and holes and build up a broadband cooling spectrum for b...
We have studied ultrafast carrier dynamics in oxidized silicon nanocrystals (NCs) and the role that surface-related states play in the various relaxation mechanisms over a broad range of photon excitation energy corresponding to energy levels below and above the direct bandgap of the formed NCs. Transient photoinduced absorption techniques have been employed to investigate the effects of surfac...
Berthing force is a critical dynamic lateral force in the design of berthing structures, having equal relevance when compared to seismic forces. Besides, the construction cost of berthing structures is very high which can be optimized by calculating precise design berthing energy on fender and selecting optimum fender system. In the present study, design berthing energy of bulk carriers having ...
a one dimensional dynamic model for a riser reactor in a fluidized bed catalytic cracking unit (fccu) for gasoil feed has been developed in two distinct conditions, one for industrial fccu and another for fccu using various frequencies of microwave energy spaced at the height of the riser reactor (fccu-mw). in addition, in order to increase the accuracy of component and bulk diffusion, instanta...
Energy supply is one of the main challenges of the present century. Population growth, rising energy demand, fossil fuel scarcity, and environmental concerns have made energy security as major issue for all countries in the world. Traditional power system, including low-efficiency generation, long-distance transmission and then a complex distribution system, face various challenges that make it...
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