نتایج جستجو برای: endotoxemia
تعداد نتایج: 2639 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Sepsis is associated with an increase in circulating levels of bacterial endotoxin. Sepsis is a particularly serious problem in the geriatric population due to the associated high mortality rate. However, it remains unknown whether this phenomenon is related to an increase in apoptosis in splenic cells. To investigate this issue, male Fischer-344 rats (young, 3 months old; aged, 24 months old) ...
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been implicated in hemodynamic changes of endotoxic shock. The temporal relationship of hypotension and TNF release in endotoxemia was studied. Carotid arteries of five intubated rats were cannulated and Escherichia coli 0127:B8 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was infused over 10 seconds. Arterial blood pressure (ABP), heart rate, and plasma TNF concentrations were meas...
A key pathological feature of the systemic inflammatory response of sepsis/endotoxemia is the accumulation of neutrophils within the microvasculature of organs such as the liver, where they cause tissue damage and vascular dysfunction. There is emerging evidence that the vascular endothelium is critical to the orchestration of inflammatory responses to blood-borne microbes and microbial product...
PURPOSE To determine whether the compromised intestinal villus blood flow in a rat model of endotoxemia could be improved by continuous infusion of the phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor milrinone. METHODS Twenty-four anesthetized and ventilated rats were laparotomized and an ileal portion was exteriorized and opened by an antimesenteric incision. The ileal segment was fixed with the mucosal s...
Bacterial infection and sepsis are common complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD). A vicious cycle of increased gut permeability, endotoxemia, inadequate activation of the innate immune system and resulting innate immune dysfunction is hypothesized. We assessed endotoxemia, neutrophil function and its relation to oxidative stress, inflammation and gut permeability in patients with CKD gra...
OBJECTIVE To determine that 1) an age-dependent loss of inducible autophagy underlies the failure to recover from AKI in older, adult animals during endotoxemia, and 2) pharmacologic induction of autophagy, even after established endotoxemia, is of therapeutic utility in facilitating renal recovery in aged mice. DESIGN Murine model of endotoxemia and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) induced ...
Endotoxemia is caused by excessive inflammation, but the immune system has various mechanisms to avoid collateral organ damage in endotoxemia. A handful of reports have shown that innate immune responses are suppressed by the adaptive immune system. However, the molecular mechanism by which adaptive immune cells suppress innate inflammatory responses is not clear. Here, we report that T cells a...
The molecular mechanism involved in altered regulation of the rate-limiting enzyme in hepatic gluconeogenesis, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), during endotoxemia is not completely understood. We examined, therefore, the effect of a nonlethal dose of Escherichia coli endotoxin on PEPCK gene expression in fasted rats. 5 h after endotoxin treatment, the PEPCK transcription rate and the ...
Sepsis is a serious issue in the geriatric population due to its association with high mortality rates in the elderly. The increase in mortality in the elderly correlates with inflammation. We have previously demonstrated that the inflammatory response is exacerbated in a rodent endotoxemia model of sepsis in aged rats compared with young rats. However, the molecular mediators associated with t...
INTRODUCTION The reduction in the capacity of insulin to reach its biological effects can lead to a chronic hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, assuming an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders associated to obesity and diabetes. Insulin resistance is associated to chronic subclinical inflammation, which in part can be mediated by increased plasmatic lipopolysaccharide level...
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