OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental enamel defects, recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and caries experience and to measure salivary flow rate, buffer capacity, saliva and plaque pH and salivary cariogenic microflora in patients with celiac disease (CD) compared to healthy subjects. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Thirty-five patients, aged 6-19 years, with a dia...

Loss-of-function mutations in stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) impair the activation of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels and store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), resulting in a disease syndrome called CRAC channelopathy that is characterized by severe dental enamel defects. The cause of these enamel defects has remained unclear given a lack of animal models. We generated Stim1/2K1...

The month of onset, duration, and incidence of dental enamel hypoplasia and hypocalcification was determined in sub-adults from the Dickson Mounds (Illinois) skeletal series (A.D. 950-1300). The onset of enamel defects occurred predominantly during the intrauterine period, suggesting maternal stress. There are marked differences in survivorship and the duration of enamel disruption in those aff...

Excessive intake of fluoride (F) by young children results in the formation of enamel subsurface porosities and pits, called enamel fluorosis. In this study, we used a single high dose of F administered to hamster pups to determine the stage of ameloblasts most affected by F and whether pit formation was related to F-related sub-ameloblastic cyst formation. Hamster pups received a single subcut...

Enamel formation (amelogenesis) in the human dentition begins in utero. The process has been investigated widely in the primary dentition in animals, and to a much lesser extent in humans. Studies have confirmed that amelogenesis occurs in distinct stages. 1 Each of these stages may be affected by extreme systemic physiological changes with hypoplasia, hypomineralization, or opacities of enamel...

AIM To assess the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) in children in Slovenia and explore the relationship between MIH defects and caries in the primary and permanent dentition, and tooth- and surface-specific associations between MIH defects and caries on first permanent molars (FPM). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population was comprised of 558 children aged 6.011.5 years...

The teeth of the Homo erectus child (Garba IV) recovered from Melka Kunture Ethiopia and dated to 1.5 Ma are characterized by generalized enamel dysplasia, reduced enamel radio-opacity, and severe attrition. This combination of features is found in a large group of hereditary, generalized enamel dysplasias known as amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). SEM studies carried out on epoxy replicas of teeth...

During childhood, systemic physiological stresses such as illness, disease, and malnutrition can disrupt the growth of dental enamel. These disruptions are often recorded in the form of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH). Many researchers have analyzed the frequency and timing of LEH formation in Neanderthal populations as they relate to ideas about Neanderthal living conditions, nutrition, and for...

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a collection of diverse inherited disorders featuring dental-enamel defects in the absence of significant nondental symptoms. AI phenotypes vary and are categorized as hypoplastic, hypocalcified, and hypomaturation types. Phenotypic specificity to enamel has focused research on genes encoding enamel-matrix proteins. We studied two families with autosomal-dominant...