Participation is now a central consideration of policy discourses at EU; national and local levels, particularly in relation to environmental resources. As it becomes a social expectation so the form, meaning and purpose of participation has diversified. While Arnstein’s ladder of citizen participation (Arnstein, 1969) revealed that much ‘participation’ does little to broker a reassignment of p...

Introduction: As much as the women`s behavior for the premature diagnosis of the breast cancer is affected by the cultural and social factors, the purpose of this study is to investigate factors associated with screening accordance with the model PEN-3. Materials and Methods: The present study was cross-sectional. The samples studied were women above 20 years and the sample size was 1416 peo...

D.B. JANES, TAKHEE LEE, JIA LIU, M. BATISTUTA, NIEN-PO CHEN, B.L. WALSH, R.P. ANDRES, E.-H. CHEN , M.R. MELLOCH, J.M. WOODALL , and R. REIFENBERGER 1.-Purdue University, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, W. Lafayette, IN 47907. 2.-Purdue University, Department of Physics, W. Lafayette, IN 47907. 3.-Purdue University, School of Chemical Engineering, W. Lafayette, IN 47907. 4.-Purdue...

Ownership and trade emerge from anarchy as evolutionary stable strategies. In these evolutionary game models, ownership status provides an endogenous asymmetrizing criterion enabling cheaper resolution of property conflicts. †Assistant Professor, Columbia University, 615 Uris Hall, 3022 Broadway, New York, NY 10027. The author acknowledges financial support from the Brown and Bain Fellowship in...

The highly technological environment of 21st-century schools has significantly redefined the role of school librarians by presenting the opportunity to assume leadership through technology integration. Despite the abundance of literature that has suggested the need for and the importance of school librarians to be a proactive leaders in technology integration, this role is one that has been ign...

background: smoking and its related diseases account for annual death of 4 million people around the world. beliefs, attitude, subjective norms, enabling factors (basnef) model is considered as one of the comprehensive models of behavior study. the aim of the current study was to explain smoking among students living in dormitories of golestan university of medical sciences based on basnef mode...

background: running standard journal clubs is one of the important goals of postgraduate education. students should update their knowledge and learn critical appraisal skill. this study aimed to compare quality of journal clubs in mashhad dental school in order to improve educational and appraisal structure of journal clubs. methods: this quasi-experimental study was conducted on journal clubs ...

Inter-school networks have been promoted in many school systems globally to facilitate: knowledge generation and dissemination; responsiveness increasingly diverse student societal needs; emotional practical peer support for educational professionals. In understanding contemporary education as a ‘wicked’ problem, this paper explores case studies of inter-school Aotearoa New Zealand (New Zealand...