Hippuric acid is the primary metabolite of toluene, a solvent widely used in industrial processes with considerable toxic effects, a fact which justifies regularly monitoring individuals with occupational exposure to this solvent. This work aims at evaluating urinary hippuric acid levels found in workers subject to biological monitoring. A retrospective study was carried out with data referring...

There are concerns about the attachment of immigrants to the labor force, and the potential policy responses. This paper uses a bi-national survey on immigrant performance to investigate the sorting of individuals into full-time paid-employment and entrepreneurship and their economic success. Particular attention is paid to the role of legal status at entry in the host country (worker, refugee,...

OBJECTIVES To assess the relation of the incidence of, and recovery from, limiting illness to employment status, occupational social class, and income over time in an initially healthy sample of working age men and women. METHODS Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS There were large differences in the risk of limiting illness according to occupational social class, with men and women in...

This work focuses on Bangladesh, a country where population is one of the major problem but fertility rates decline in the last few decades sharply. The progression from first to second birth is a crucial component in fertility change; for this reason, the study aims at analyzing the second-birth intensities of Bangladesh. Proportional hazards models have been applied to the 2007 Bangladesh Dem...

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This study examines how employment status (worker vs. retiree) and life course influences (age, gender, and marital status) are associated with time spent on daily household chores. Second, this study assesses whether the associations between daily stressors and time spent on daily household chores differ as a function of employment status and life course influences. DESI...

Objective: To examine racial differences in employment tatus and occupational status 1 year after a traumatic brain njury (TBI). Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Longitudinal dataset of the Traumatic Brain Injury odel Systems national database. Participants: Subjects with primarily moderate to severe BI (3468 whites vs 1791 minorities) hospitalized between 989 and 2005. Interventions: Not ...

... and justice for all The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the bases of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual...

OBJECTIVES This study investigated the association between employment status and depression. METHODS Data from the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KOWEPS) collected from 2008 to 2011 were used. A total of 7368 subjects were included in this study after exclusion of subjects with missing data and those who were self-employed or could not work. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiolo...

AIM To evaluate the impacts of education level and employment status on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in multiple sclerosis patients. METHODS This study included 100 multiple sclerosis patients treated at the Department of Neurology, Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo. Inclusion criteria were the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score between 1.0 and 6.5, age betwee...

OBJECTIVES Our prospective study aimed to elucidate the effect of long-term experience of nonstandard employment status on the incidence of depression in elderly population using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) study. METHODS This study used the first- to fourth-wave cohorts of KLoSA. After the exclusion of the unemployed and participants who experienced a change in employment...