One of the most dramatic social transformations of the latter half of the twentieth century involved the massive influx of women into the paid labor force. A central debate in studies of women’s labor force participation concerns the influence of demographic and economic structures and institutional conditions on female employment. Single-country studies show consistent relationships between de...

employment of graduates is considered at national level as a a problem for the educational planners in diffrent countries. this is of great concern because not only the employment market is at the core of social and ecomomic development but also it gives individuals a social role to play through gainful employment. this article describes the problem, analyses the relationship between education ...

iranian women's economic participation rate is similar to undeveloped countries, while their educational achievements can be compared with developed countries. the aim of this article is to discuss some of the factors related to the situation. according to the policies of third development plan, the rate of employment in government sector should decline and the opportunities for new employ...

• Latest Census data: This Issue Brief closely examines the level of participation by workers in public-and private-sector employment-based pension or retirement plans, based on the U.S. Census Bureau's March 2007 Current Population Survey (CPS), the most recent data currently available. • Sponsorship rate: About 56 percent of all working-age (21–64) wage and salary employees work for an employ...

UNLABELLED LATEST DATA: This Issue Brief examines the level of participation by workers in public- and private-sector employment-based pension or retirement plans, based on the U.S. Census Bureau's March 2011 Current Population Survey (CPS), the most recent data currently available (for year-end 2010). SPONSORSHIP RATE: Among all working-age (21-64) wage and salary employees, 54.2 percent worke...

This paper offers a political explanation for the diffusion and sustainability of team-based work systems by examining the differential outcomes of team structures for 1200 workers, supervisors, and middle managers in a large unionized telecommunications company. Regression analyses show that participation in self-managed teams is associated with significantly higher levels of perceived discret...

BACKGROUND Little information is available on the degree of actual social functioning after successful kidney transplantation. Moreover, information on factors that influence participation in social activities is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of clinical factors on social outcome. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on a cohort of primary kidney transplant...

Approximately one quarter of the adjustment in total hours of employment over the business cycle represents adjustments in hours, while the remainder is explained by changes in employment. Real business cycle models characterize agents as either continuously adjusting their hours or making only labor force participation decisions about jobs with indivisible hours, In this paper we extend the re...