One of the fundamental difficulties in Iranian rangelands is the existence of wide area of poor condition rangelands that their grazing capability is low due to continuous livestock grazing pressure. Astragalus flexilipes is one of the palatable plant species of rangelands in Iran, while its distribution is being decreased due to improper grazing. The aim of this study was to ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to discover the optimal effect-site concentration of remifentanil for cough prevention that does not delay awakening or cause respiratory depression during emergence from anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil in laryngomicrosurgery patients. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, randomized, controlled trial. METHODS One hundred five patients were rand...

in order to study the effect of temperature and photoperiod (pp) on development rate of different vegetative and reproductive stages of canola, an experiment was conducted at agricultural research station of gonbad during 2005-2007. the experiment was a randomized complete block design arranged in a split-plot in two conditions, for example supplemental irrigation and rainfed. there were differ...

BACKGROUND Emergence from general anesthesia can be associated with coughing, agitation, and hemodynamic disturbances. Remifentanil may attenuate these responses. METHODS In a prospective, double-blind, randomized trial, we enrolled 60 adult patients undergoing nasal surgery using remifentanil-based anesthesia. During the emergence phase, the remifentanil group had remifentanil reduced to one...

Since leaves are essentially energy-gaining organs, the arrangement of leaves in time (leaf phenology) and in space (canopy architecture) in both seasonal and nonseasonal environments can be viewed as a central element in plant strategies for carbon gain. Interrelationships among leaf longevity, leaf habit, and leaf-emergence pattern together with shoot architecture affect plant productivity. L...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The relative importance of pre- and post-germination determinants for recruitment of natural plant communities is rarely explored. An annual plant community on moving sandy land was chosen for a case study. Answers to the following questions were sought: (a) Does recruitment of new individuals within the community of annual plants differ in time and space? (b) Is there spati...

BACKGROUND Emergence agitation is common after nasal surgery. We investigated the effects of intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion on emergence agitation and quality of recovery after nasal surgery in adult patients. METHODS One hundred patients undergoing nasal surgery were randomized into two groups. The dexmedetomidine group (Group D, n=50) received dexmedetomidine infusion at a rate of ...