The exoelectric e ect provides a linear coupling between electric polarization and orientational deformation in liquid crystals. It in uences many electrooptical phenomena and it is used in some bistable nematic devices. A statistical theory of dipole exoelectric polarization in biaxial nematic liquid crystals is used to calculate temperature dependence of order parameters, elastic constants, a...

Vertically aligned negative nematics are employed in high-end projection applications, where extremely high light fluxes are employed. Under these conditions, the UV photochemical stability of the material becomes an issue that must be included in the characterization process of such devices. Photochemical aging tests for vertically aligned microdisplay, however, must take into account the line...

Ferroelectricity is a rising demand in fundamental and applied solid state physics. Ferroelectrics are used in microelectronics as active gate materials, in capacitors, electrooptical-acoustic modulators, etc. There is a particular demand for plastic ferroelectrics, e.g. as a sensor for acoustic imaging in medicine and beyond, in shapeable capacitors, etc. Microscopic mechanisms of ferroelectri...

Investigations on the nature of both linear and nonlinear electrooptic eeects in columnar mesophases of chiral discotic dibenzopy-rene and triphenylene derivatives and their mixtures are presented. We specially focus on the innuence of chirality on the switching process. INTRODUCTION Ferroelectricity in tilted smectic phases of chiral molecules was predicted to occur by R. B. Meyer et al. in 19...

original article background and objectives: one type of electromagnetic fields, based on frequency range, is extremely low frequency (elf) fields. there are lots of reports about measuring elf- magnetic field (mf) in substations, power plants, cities, near high voltage power lines and etc. this study aimed to compare the difference between measurement of three-axis and single-axis probe mf mete...

A new class of liquid electro-optics based on electrowetting is able to replicate the high performance of solid geometrical optics. Scaled-down electrowetting optics can be arrayed in order to achieve a flat and large area form factor. Techniques for applying electrowetting devices to light valves and arrayed microprisms are reviewed. Electrowetting light valves (ELVs) reconfigure the geometry ...

* Address for correspondence: PL-84200 Wejherowo, ul. Gen. W. Sikorskiego 11, Poland. the increments in the dipole moments, A/J, determined for different fluorescent molecules, based on the LippertMataga solvent polarity parameter are much overrated in comparison to the values /ue obtained by electrooptical methods [7-10], In the present paper we determine the dipole moments ,ug and yue of P R ...