The relation between the complexity of a time-switched dynamics and the complexity of its control sequence depends critically on the concept of a non-autonomous pullback attractor. For instance, the switched dynamics associated with scalar dissipative affine maps has a pullback attractor consisting of singleton component sets. This entails that the complexity of the control sequence and switche...

The language Erlang has been developed by Ericsson to implement large switching systems. Erlang is nowadays used by several companies for complex embedded systems. The language CRL is a process algebra with data. Several verification tools are available for CRL and other process algebras, including a tool to create labelled transition systems from CRL specifications. By having a translation fro...

Power electronic circuits are characteristically variable structure systems with extreme stiffness due to their switching behaviour. Depending on the point of interest, different models and time scales are used for simulation, but in any case, exact consideration of the switching instants is required. At switching instants, the derivatives of switched signals are not continuous, which must be c...

Switched systems have numerous applications in control of real systems as mechanical systems, automotive industry, aircraft and air traffic control, switching power converters, and many other fields. Optimal control problems of switching systems require the decision of both the optimal solutions and switching sequences. The stochastic optimal control problem of linear switching systems with qua...

Switching systems connect and disconnect users in a communications network by activating and deactivating switching devices. At first sight, this may seem trivial, but there is, in fact, a vast literature on the subject, much of which is highly technical. This article provides a flavour of this subject and identifies some of its principal features. It starts by looking at some key results from ...

Estimation of states and events in randomly switching systems is studied under irregular and random sampling schemes. Probabilistic characterization of observability is presented under various sampling schemes and regime-switching processes. The characterization is derived on the basis of our recent results on sampling complexity for system observability. Observer design and algorithms are deve...

We present a novel method to compute componentwise transient bounds, componentwise ultimate bounds, and invariant regions for a class of switching continuous-time linear systems with perturbation bounds that may depend nonlinearly on a delayed state. The main advantage of the method is its componentwise nature, i.e. the fact that it allows each component of the perturbation vector to have an in...

In a time-multiplex switching system, the incoming traffic must be scheduled to avoid conflict at the switch output (two or more users converging simultaneously upon a single output). Two scheduling algorithms, random scheduling and optimal scheduling, are explored in this paper. Random scheduling is computationally simple, whereas optimal scheduling is currently very difficult. We have found, ...

This paper discusses system aspects and describes experimental demonstrations of nanosecond wavelength tuning in laser diode structures. Both tunable transmitters and tunable filters are considered. The dependence of the refractive index on the carrier density in semiconductors is exploited to obtain fast wavelength tuning. Experimentally, switching times of < 15 ns have been demonstrated in a ...