funding combination is the most important issue for the companies while they know the amount of required capital. companies should be careful regarding the appliance of financial providing methods compatible with the investment strategy of company and profitability. this study seeks to examine the relationship between the capital structure and the profitability of pharmaceutical companies in ir...

according to the vital role of pharmaceutical industry in health care system, pharmaceutical supply chain security, standard production and distribution of the pharmaceutical products are of great importance for pharmaceutical companies. therefore, applying technology, especially radio frequency identification (rfid), is essential to achieve these goals. moreover, due to the importance of secur...

Stock return is usually considered to be affected by firm’s financial ratios as well as economic variables. Fundamental method assume that stock returns is not solely related to the stock market. Most result come from the company condition , industry situation and whole economy. In this paper, this relationship between stock return and fundamentals is studied using the data for 22 pharmaceutica...

The 39th Annual General Meeting of the Pharma Documentation Ring (PDR) was held in Berlin, Germany, on September 26, 1997. Common themes reported on included the impact and widespread use of intranet technology; expansion in end-user searching; experience with electronic journals; and programs for the development of electronic archiving and document management systems. Other sessions discussed ...

INTRODUCCIÓN Los médicos y la industria farmacéutica comparten el objetivo del progreso en el conocimiento científico; sin embargo, el principal interés del médico es proporcionar a sus pacientes el mejor tratamiento posible, mientras que el principal interés de la industria es vender su producto. La industria farmacéutica colabora en el desarrollo de importantes avances en medicina y tecnologí...

BACKGROUND Section 114 of the 1997 Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act (FDAMA) effective February 19, 1998, permitted some additional flexibility for drug companies to provide "health care economic information" to "a formulary committee or other similar entity" and may have caused a decline in economic messages used in print advertisements in medical journals. We previously investiga...

This paper discussed the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in pharmaceutical product marketing in Nigeria. Data for the study was obtained from 76 pharmaceutical firms in southwest Nigeria which comprised of about 95% of the pharmaceutical companies that were into manufacturing of drugs in Nigeria. The categories of firms surveyed include retail pharmacy, combination...

South Africa not infrequently hosts high-level cardiology meetings outside the auspices of South African professional medical societies and associations. Well-known cardiologists, particularly from the USA and Europe are invited to make presentations, which bring the best and most-recent advances in the field to this country. This is of course of great value to the selected group of delegates w...

One of my first experiences of the relation between medical journals and pharmaceutical companies occurred in the early 1980s after the BMJ had published papers suggesting that a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, benoxaprofen, might have serious side effects. We were visited by three stern men from Eli Lilly, the makers of the drug. Tony Smith, the deputy editor, conducted the meeting a...