late neoproterozoic-early cambrian schists have been occurred in southwest of zanjan city from the soltanieh belt. the soltanieh belt in northwest of iran is uplifted basement of precambrian-paleozoic in main central iran zone and includes outcrops of precambrian, paleozoic and mesozoic formations. late neoproterozoic-early cambrian schists, the oldest stratigraphy unit in the region, consist o...

Proteolytic activation of the fusion protein of the highly pathogenic Nipah virus (NiV F) is a prerequisite for the production of infectious particles and for virus spread via cell-to-cell fusion. Unlike other paramyxoviral fusion proteins, functional NiV F activation requires endocytosis and pH-dependent cleavage at a monobasic cleavage site by endosomal proteases. Using prototype Vero cells, ...

Treatment with the proteasome inhibitor, PS-341 resulted in concentration- and time-dependent effects on Bcl-2 phosphorylation and cleavage in H460 cells that coincided with the PS-341-induced G2-M phase arrest. The observed Bcl-2 cleavage paralleled the degree of PS-341-induced apoptosis but was detected to a similar extent with comparable concentrations of two other proteasome inhibitors (MG-...

In the Drosophila early embryo, the centrosome coordinates assembly of cleavage furrows. Currently, the molecular pathway that links the centrosome and the cortical microfilaments is unknown. In centrosomin (cnn) mutants, in which the centriole forms but the centrosome pericentriolar material (PCM) fails to assemble, actin microfilaments are not organized into furrows at the syncytial cortex [6...

Mouse embryos are able to use exogenous thymidine during cleavage stages in vivo if the thymidine is injected directly into the oviduct. DNA synthesis during cleavage occurs asynchronously and the intensity of DNA synthesis in the blastomeres of the same embryo varies. At all stages, the label in some nuclei is distributed unevenly, suggesting that some chromosomes may be heterochromatinized ve...

background and aims: the caspases are unique proteases that mediate the host cell apoptosis during viral infection. in this study, we identified the caspase cleavage motifs of h5n1 and h9n2 influenza viruses isolated during 1998-2012. materials and methods: amino acid sequences of the eleven proteins encoded by the viruses as the caspase substrates downloaded from ncbi. the caspase cleavage mot...

BACKGROUND The aim of our retrospective study was to compare the clinical usefulness of two non-invasive embryo scoring systems based either on a simplified pronuclear morphology of the zygote or on early cleavage rate, as well as their combination, for the selection of embryos with the best implantation potential in embryo transfer (ET). METHODS Over a period of five years, the quality of 27...