PURPOSE To assess the effect of sample site (earlobe vs toe) and incremental exercise protocol (continuous vs discontinuous) on training zone prescription in rowing. METHODS Twenty-six rowers performed two incremental exercise tests on an ergometer: (1) a five-step discontinuous test with 4-min stages and 30-W increment, with blood samples taken from the earlobe and toe at the start of the 1-...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to evaluate a novel, combined sensor for transcutaneous monitoring of arterial oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide tension. DESIGN The new monitoring technique was compared to established reference methods. SETTING ICU and sleep laboratory of a university hospital. PATIENTS Eighteen critically ill adult patients with acute respiratory failure or he...

797 imaging: orthopaedics. Salt Lake: Amirsys; 2004. 2. Ushijima M, Hashimoto H, Tsuneyoshi M, et al. Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (nodular tenosynovitis). A study of 207 cases to compare the large joint group with the common digit group. Cancer 1986;57:875-84. 3. Altaykan A, Yildiz K, Hapa O, et al. Multifocal giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath occuring at different localizations o...

there is no clear criteria for classification by size, classification into groups of 2 mm, 2-4 mm, and above 4 mm, or 3 mm, 3-6 mm, and above 6 mm is common. 2 mm and 3 mm have been found to be common sizes from these studies [1]. There is no absolute size of tori that indicates surgery, but the associated symptoms of growing tori can be an indication. The possible complications after surgery i...

Fleshy-fruited plants are usually dispersed by an array of frugivores, differing in the effectiveness of the dispersal service they provide to the plant. Body size differences among frugivores are hypothesized to affect seed dispersal distances and consequently their effectiveness as dispersers. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the effectiveness of two passerine birds, grackles (Onychogna...

Positive and negative plant-plant interactions are major processes shaping plant communities. They are affected by environmental conditions and evolutionary relationships among the interacting plants. However, the generality of these factors as drivers of pairwise plant interactions and their combined effects remain virtually unknown. We conducted an observational study to assess how environmen...

Frugivorous birds provide important ecosystem services by transporting seeds of fleshy fruited plants. It has been assumed that seed-dispersal kernels generated by these animals are generally leptokurtic, resulting in little dispersal among habitat fragments. However, little is known about the seed-dispersal distribution generated by large frugivorous birds in fragmented landscapes. We investig...