Exposure misclassification constitutes a major obstacle when developing dose-response relationships for risk assessment. A non-differentional error results in underestimation of the risk. If the degree of misclassification is known, adjustment may be achieved by sensitivity analysis. The purpose of this study was to examine the full magnitude of measurement error in determining the prenatal exp...

In a 2007 empirical report, Hamlin, Wynn, and Bloom provided the first evidence that preverbal infants at 6 and at 10 months of age evaluate others on the basis of their helpful and unhelpful actions toward unknown third parties. In their "hill paradigm," a Climber puppet tried but failed to climb a steep hill, and was alternately bumped up the hill by the Helper and bumped down the hill by the...

The paddlewheel-type centrosymmetric dinuclear title complex, [Cu(2)(C(7)H(5)O(2))(4)(C(8)H(6)N(2))(2)], contains four bridging benzoate groups and two terminal quinoxaline ligands. The octa-hedral coordination around each Cu atom, with four O atoms in the equatorial plane, is completed by an N atom of a quinoxaline mol-ecule [Cu-N = 2.2465 (18) Å] and by the second Cu atom [Cu⋯Cu = 2.668 (5) Å...