OBJECTIVE To explore the viral etiology of human breast cancer to determine whether there are novel molecular targets for gene therapy of breast cancer and provide evidence for the research of gene therapy and vaccine development for breast cancer. METHODS PCR was used to screen HPV16 and HPV18 oncogenes E6 and E7 in the SKBR3 cell line and in 76 paraffin embedded breast cancer tissue samples...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of human cervical cancer. The viral proteins E6 and E7 are essential to transform noncancerous epithelial cells into cancerous carcinomas by targeting key tumor suppressors p53 and retinoblastoma (Rb) proteins, respectively, but the cellular factors involved in E6 and E7 transcription themselves are incompletely understood. In this study, we defin...

In order to ensure a productive life cycle, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) require fine regulation of their gene products. Uncontrolled activity of the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 results in the immortalization of the infected epithelial cells and thus prevents the production of mature virions. Ectopically expressed E2 has been shown to suppress transcription of the HPV E6 and E7 region in cell...

The bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) genome replicates as a multiple-copy plasmid in murine C127 cells transformed to neoplasia by virus infection or by transfection with BPV-1 DNA. It was reported previously that BPV-1 genomes harboring frameshift mutations in the E6 or E7 open reading frame (ORF) replicated in C127 cells transformed by these mutants at a low copy number. Furthermore, the ...

introduction: vaccinology provides promising approaches for the control of various infectious diseases. among different strategies, dna vaccines offer attractive research opportunities for development of vaccines for induction of antigen-specific immunity owing to their stability, simplicity of delivery, safety and cost effectiveness. however, there is a need to increase their potency by the us...

The human papillomavirus E7 gene product is an oncoprotein with properties similar to those of the adenovirus E1A proteins. The human papillomavirus E7 proteins possess substantial amino acid sequence similarity to portions of conserved regions 1 and 2 of E1A, and the human papillomavirus type 16 E7 protein trans-activates the adenovirus E2 early promoter. Analysis of point mutations in the E2 ...

In this study, cottontail rabbit papillomavirus infection of domestic rabbits was used as an animal model to develop papillomavirus early gene-based vaccines. Groups of rabbits were intracutaneously vaccinated with single papillomavirus early genes E1, E2, E6, and E7 or with a combination of these four genes. Only a fraction of rabbits were protected from subsequent viral challenge when vaccina...

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) infection is associated with a majority of cervical cancers and a significant proportion of head and neck cancers. Here, we describe a novel-engineered DNA vaccine that encodes a HPV-16 consensus E6/E7 fusion gene (pConE6E7) with the goal of increasing its antitumor cellular immunity. Compared to an early stage HPV-16 E7 DNA vaccine (pE7), this construct wa...

Asian-American (AA) variants of human papillomavirus 16 (HPV-16) are linked to a high incidence of cervical cancer in Mexico, with some evidence strongly suggesting that they are more oncogenic than European (E) variants, including their association with younger women and their higher associated risk of cervical cancer. Differences in the regulation of viral E6/E7 oncogene transcription by the ...