No one in the industrial countries should now question the substantial economic benefits associated with reducing inflation from earlier, high levels. At the same time, history also teaches that the stability of consumer prices might not be sufficient to ensure macroeconomic stability. Past experience is replete with examples of major economic and financial crises that were not preceded by infl...

Approaching demographic shifts are raising concerns about fiscal sustainability in most OECD countries. A widespread view based on the tax-smoothing idea is that a prior consolidation of public finances is required to cope with the predicted trend deterioration in the primary budget balance. Both positive aspects in assessing the order of magnitude of sustainability problems and normative aspec...

Using monthly data spanning from 1993 to 2021 and employingthe DCC-GARCH model, this study examines the role ofEconomic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) as a potential exogenousfactor impacting correlation of Brazil, Russia, India, andChina (BRIC) economies’ stock markets, which is new theliterature. Further, dynamic series used adependent variable while EPU BRIC USA anindependent by utilizing autoregr...

Buried solvent molecules are common in the core of globular proteins and contribute to structural stability. Folding necessitates the burial of polar backbone atoms in the protein core, whose hydrogen-bonding capacities should be satisfied on average. Whereas the residues in alpha-helices and beta-sheets form systematic main-chain hydrogen bonds, the residues in turns, coils and loops often con...

To identify mechanisms that regulate neuronal form in the mammalian CNS, we have examined dendritic development in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) during the period of segregation of retinal ganglion cell axons. The tracer Dil was used to label retrogradely LGN neurons that send their axons to primary visual cortex at different ages between embryonic day 36 (E36) and E60 in the cat. LGN ne...

ABSTRACT We propose and find that aggregate special items conveys more information about future real GDP growth than earnings before because the former contains advance news economic outcomes. A two-stage rational expectations test reveals professional forecasters fully understand content of items, but underestimate when revising their forecasts. Using vector autoregressions, we show has predic...

Coming on top of long-term employment challenges, the COVID-19 crisis has severely impacted economies around world. Due to nature their labour markets, middle-income countries (MICs), including India, have experienced greater declines than advanced economies. Some sectors been hit harder others, while certain groups—including women, youth, migrants and those in informal economy—have felt brunt ...