—Animals in nature use synergistic behavioral and physiological responses to cope with variation in resource availability. We used a combination of traditional tools (i.e., radiotelemetry, bodycondition measurements, plasma osmometry, and direct observation) and contemporary techniques (i.e., implanted temperature loggers and portable ultrasonography) to identify seasonal patterns of body condi...

Knowledge of high resolution Y-chromosome haplogroup diversification within Iran provides important geographic context regarding the spread and compartmentalization of male lineages in the Middle East and southwestern Asia. At present, the Iranian population is characterized by an extraordinary mix of different ethnic groups speaking a variety of Indo-Iranian, Semitic and Turkic languages. Desp...

Gonabad located at Khorasan Razavi and coordinates 580 30’ N 34o 35’ E. The highest point of the zone belongs to Peak of Siah Mountain (height of 2,863 meters above sea level) and the lowest place has height of 810 meters above sea level, which is located in North West in salt desert. The mean temperature of the warmest and coldest of year is 29.3 and 3.9 respectively. Mor...

[1] To determine the location of the potential dust source regions and to evaluate the dust emission frequencies over the arid and semiarid areas of China and Mongolia (35.5 N–47 N; 73 E–125 E), we established a map of Z0 from the composition of protrusion coefficient (PC) derived from the POLDER-1 bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). Using a =4 =4 resolution Z0 data set, we ...

SKUTCH, A. F. 1989. Birds asleep. University of Texas Press, Austin. TOOLSON, E. C. 1987. Water profligacy as an adaptation to hot deserts: Water loss rates and evaporative cooling in the Sonoran Desert cicada, Diceroprocta apache (Homoptera: Cicadidae). Physiological Zoology 60:379-385. VLECK, C. M., AND D. VLECK. 1979. Metabolic rate in five tropical bird species. Condor 81:89-91. WALSBERG, ....

The genus Eumops is the most diverse genera of molossid bats in the Neotropics. In Peru this genus is widely distributed and represented by nine species: E. auripendulus, E. delticus, E. hansae, E. maurus, E. nanus, E. patagonicus, E. perotis, E. trumbulli, and E. wilsoni. After several years of mammalian diversity surveys in the coastal desert and western slopes of southwestern Peru, a specime...

Biological soil crusts are diverse assemblages of bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, lichens, and mosses that cover much of arid land soils. The objective of this study was to quantify protozoa associated with biological soil crusts and test the response of protozoa to increased temperature and precipitation as is predicted by some global climate models. Protozoa were more abundant when ass...

Late Quaternary histories of two North American desert biomesC4 grasslands and C3 shrublandsare poorly known despite their sensitivity and potential value in reconstructing summer rains and winter temperatures. Plant macrofossil assemblages from packrat midden series in the northern Chihuahuan Desert show that C4 grasses and annuals typical of desert grassland persisted near their present north...

Gonabad located at Khorasan Razavi and coordinates 580 30’ N 34o 35’ E. The highest point of the zone belongs to Peak of Siah Mountain (height of 2,863 meters above sea level) and the lowest place has height of 810 meters above sea level, which is located in North West in salt desert. The mean temperature of the warmest and coldest of year is 29.3 and 3.9 respectively. Mor...