Layered and massive outcrops on Mars, some as thick as 4 km, display the geomorphic attributes and stratigraphic relations of sedimentary rock. Sequences in some locations imply a dynamic depositional environment during early martian history. Subaerial (such as aeolian, impact, and volcani-clastic) and subaqueous processes may have contributed to the formation of the layers. Affinity for impact...

Lineation is a general term to describe any repeated, commonly penetrative and parallel alignment of linear elements within a rock (to envision lineation, imagine packages of spaghetti). A lineation may be a primary igneous or sedimentary fabric element, such as an array of elongate K-feldspar porphyroblasts, inclusions or pebbles oriented with their long dimensions mutually parallel, or flute ...

High-quality seismic data recorded during the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake (Mw=7.6) show that a smallscale orogenic process of both mountain-building and crust-thickening was simultaneously accomplished along one set of crustal-scale conjugated faults. Mountain-building near the surface was primarily produced by the main shock along an eastward low-angle thrust fault in the upper crust. In th...

The micromechanical deformation mechanisms of a polylactic acid (PLA)/natural rubber (NR) blend (PLA/NR 90/10 wt%) and its organoclay filled bionanocomposites have been investigated by small and wide angle X-ray scattering (SAXS–WAXS) under tensile conditions. The addition of NR to a PLA matrix changed the brittle fracture of PLA to a ductile deformation through the debonding of the rubber drop...

Silicon can host a large amount of lithium, making it a promising electrode for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries. Recent experiments indicate that silicon experiences large plastic deformation upon Li absorption, which can significantly decrease the stresses induced by lithiation and thus mitigate fracture failure of electrodes. These issues become especially relevant in nanostructured elect...

*Correspondence: Josep M. Parés, Geochronology, Research Center for Human Evolution (CENIEH), Paseo Sierra de Atapuerca 3, Burgos 09006, Spain e-mail: [email protected] The use of the Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) has become a rather common practice in Earth Sciences since the pioneer note by Graham (1954). The versatility of the technique, and the rapidness in obtaining and p...

The fracture initiation in ductile materials is governed by the damaging process along the plastic loading path. A new damage plasticity model for ductile fracture is proposed. Experimental results show that fracture initiation in uncracked ductile solids is sensitive to the hydrostatic pressure and is dependent on the Lode angle. The damage plasticity model is established on a "cylindrical dec...

The failure process ahead of a mode I crack advancing in a ductile thin metal plate or sheet produces plastic dissipation through a sequence of deformation steps that include necking well ahead of the crack tip and shear localization followed by a slant fracture in the necked region somewhat closer to the tip. The objective of this paper is to analyze this sequential process to characterize the...

Kevlar is a type of aramid fibers which is characterized by high strength to low weight ratio. This material is widely used in bulletproof vests and helmets, in which it creates a barrier to projectiles to protect specific objectives, laminated tubes and pressure vessels, etc. In this study the ballistic behavior of Kevlar /epoxy composite and Kevlar fabric is investigated. The results showed t...