Freeze-drying has been considered as a good technique to improve the long-term stability of colloidal nanoparticles. The poor stability in an aqueous medium of these systems forms a real barrier against the clinical use of nanoparticles. This article reviews the state of the art of freeze-drying nanoparticles. It discusses the most important parameters that influence the success of freeze-dryin...

The aim of the current work is to give a contribution to the study of the drying process of tomatoes through the synergy of the hot air and microwave technologies. The drying of tomatoes is a process commonly used to preserve the product and to prolong its shelf-life. In this paper, four experimental tests on the product under study, were carried out. Then, different drying diagrams were develo...

leather manufacturing involves a crucial energy-intensive drying stage in the finishing process to remove its residual moisture. determining drying characteristics of leather is vitally important so as to optimize the drying stage. this paper describes an analytical way for determination of the drying characteristics of leather. the model presented, is based on fundamental heat and mass transfe...

This paper deals with the freeze-drying process and, in particular, with the optimization of the operating conditions of the primary drying stage. When designing a freeze-drying cycle, process control aims at obtaining the values of the operating conditions (temperature of the heating fluid and pressure in the drying chamber) resulting in a product temperature lower than the limit value of the ...

Spray drying is a process widely used to produce fruit juice powders. In powders, it results with the good quality, low water activity, easier transport and storage. The physicochemical properties of powders produced by spray drying depend on the variables of process and/or operating parameters. In the present review, the principle of spray drying was described. In addition, some factors such a...

in this research, the effect of ultrasound-osmotic dehydration process in different conditions on the drying kinetics parameters of rhubarb was investigated. before dying process, rhubarb samples were placed in contact of ultrasound-osmotic pretreatment and then dried by convection hot air dryer equipped with circulated fan. the results showed that using osmotic pretreatment at 40% sucrose solu...

important parameters on apple drying process are investigated experimentally and modeled employing artificial neural network and neuro-taguchi's method. experimental results show that the apple drying curve stands in the falling rate period of drying. temperature is the most important parameter that has a more pronounced effect on drying rate than the other two parameters i.e. air velocity and ...

Roses, both fresh and dried, often appear during festive occasions. However, roses do not last long, dried flowers are marinated with environmentally unfriendly chemicals. This paper proposes the procedure experiment of drying by freeze-drying method. After proposed method, results show that rose color changes very slightly but still retains its natural, eye-catching, friendly appearance.

An innovative and energy efficient sludge dewatering technology has been developed. The technology, impulse drying, involves briefly contacting the sludge under pressure with a heated surface. A unique feature of impulse drying is that the majority of moisture removal occurs as lipid water. A pilotand laboratory-scale demonstration was performed on low ash primary paper mill sludge. The pilot-s...