Adults of the common green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), are prevalent pollen-consumers in maize fields. They are therefore exposed to insecticidal proteins expressed in the pollen of insect-resistant, genetically engineered maize varieties expressing Cry proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the...

Effects were studied of 200 ppm silver and copper nano-suspensions, with size range from 20 to 80 nm, on the hardness of particleboards produced at an industrial scale at the Iran-Choob Factory, Iran. Metal nano-suspensions were added to the mat at two levels of 100 and 150 milli-liters/kg dry weight wood particles, and the results were compared with those of the control panels. Results showed ...

in order to investigate the effect of zinc element application on growth and some morphophysiological of maize (single cross 704) an experiment was conducted during 2010 at greenhouse. experimented design was complete randomize factorial with four replications. treatments of experiment were soil salinity (4, 8 ds.m-1 and 0 as a control) and different zinc concentration including 0, 10 and 20 mg...

The production of new generation of wood preservatives (without addition of a co-biocide) in combination with an exchange of wood poles on identical sites with high fungal inoculum, has resulted in an increase of premature failures of wood utility poles in the last decades. Wood destroying basidiomycetes inhabiting sites where poles have been installed, have developed resistance against wood pr...

Propylea japonica (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are prevalent predators and pollen feeders in East Asian maize fields. They are therefore indirectly (via prey) and directly (via pollen) exposed to Cry proteins within Bt-transgenic maize fields. The effects of Cry1Ie-producing transgenic maize pollen on the fitness of P. japonica was assessed using two dietary-exposure experiments in th...

Aluminum and silicon are usually abundant in the soil and most plants are affected by them. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of the interaction of Si (0 and 2 mM) and low concentrations of Al (0, 50, 100, and 150 µM) on some physiological parameters of Zea mays var. Merit were investigated and were analyzed by cluster heatmaps for better interpretation of results. Results showed that...

Serpula lacrymans, the dry rot fungus, is considered the most economically important wood decay fungus in certain temperate regions of the world, namely northern Europe, Japan, and Australia. Previously, copper-based wood preservatives were commonly used for pressure treatment of wood for building construction, but some decay fungi are known to be copper tolerant. In this study, soil-block test...

Treatment of maize seedlings with different concentrations of sorbitol decreased the rate of germination substantially. Root and shoot length was also reduced by sorbitol treatment, however, decrease in root length was lower than shoot length. Incubation of leaf segments from maize seedlings grown in continuous light with sorbitol decreased the fresh weight and increased the dry weight in a con...