Distributed Description Logics (DDL) is a KR formalism that enables reasoning with multiple ontologies interconnected by directional semantic mapping. Subsumption propagation in DDL from one ontology to another as a result of mappings has been studied, but only for a simplified case when only two ontologies are involved. In this paper we study subsumption propagation in more complex cases, when...

It is believed that the plastids in green plants lost peptidoglycan (i.e., a bacterial cell wall-containing d-amino acids) during their evolution from an endosymbiotic cyanobacterium. Although wall-like structures could not be detected in the plastids of green plants, the moss Physcomitrella patens has the genes required to generate peptidoglycan (Mur genes), and knocking out these genes causes...

The phase-locked loop (PLL) propagation time is important unavoidable factor for high-speed coherent detection systems using broad-linewidth laser diodes. This paper report the linewidths requirements and the power penalties taking into account the loop propagation delay. The coherent optical receivers with PLL, based on Costas loop or decision driven loop (DDL) are taken into consideration. Th...

the goal of facial animation is to synthesize realistic facial animated images using computer graphics. because of its capability in creating facial animated images using a few amount of information, facial animation using feature vectors was extensively studied in recent years. in general, this method is considered as one of the performance-driven facial animation base methods. in this regard,...

BACKGROUND Vancomycin-resistant enterococci are pathogenic bacteria that attenuate antibiotic sensitivity by producing peptidoglycan precursors that terminate in D-Ala-D-lactate rather than D-Ala-D-Ala. A key enzyme in effecting antibiotic resistance is the metallodipeptidase VanX, which reduces the cellular pool of the D-Ala-D-Ala dipeptide. RESULTS We constructed eleven mutants, using the r...

This paper describes the DDL proposals submitted in response to the MPEG-7 Call for Proposals and the results of their evaluation at the MPEG-7 AHG Test and Evaluation Meeting in Lancaster in February 1999. It also describes the proposal from DSTC which was considered to provide the best starting point for a DDL and the features from other proposals which were considered to be of value for futu...

Distributed Description Logics (DDL) enable reasoning with multiple ontologies interconnected by directional semantic mapping, called bridge rules. Bridge rules map concepts of a source ontology into concepts of a target ontology. Concept subsumptions of the source ontology can be propagated according to a propagation pattern expressed by bridge rules into concept subsumptions of the target ont...

Background. The assessment of MDM2 gene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has become a routine ancillary tool for diagnosing atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT)/well-differentiated liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (WDL/DDL) in specialist sarcoma units. We describe our experience of its utility at our tertiary institute. Methods. All routine histology samples in ...

An antibiotic, D-cycloserine (DCS), inhibits the catalytic activities of alanine racemase (ALR) and D-alanylD-alanine ligase (DDL), which are necessary for the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall. In this study, we cloned both genes encoding ALR and DDL, designated alrS and ddlS, respectively, from DCS-producing Streptomyces lavendulae ATCC25233. Each gene product was purified to homogeneit...