In numerous application areas, general undirected graphs need to be drawn, and force-directed layout appears to be the most frequent choice. We present an extensive experimental study showing that, if the goal is to represent the distances in a graph well, a combination of two simple algorithms based on variants of multi-dimensional scaling is to be preferred because of their efficiency, reliab...

Metabolic networks have been drawn manually for many years, and over time have developed representational conventions that make them familiar to biologists. With increasing current biological discoveries, these networks need to be frequently updated and modified, and automatic visualization algorithms are thus becoming a necessity. Many existing automatic graph layout algorithms exist, and it i...

A graph G = (V,E) is a set V of vertices and a set E of edges, in which an edge joins a pair of vertices. 1 Normally, graphs are depicted with their vertices as points in a plane and their edges as line or curve segments connecting those points. There are different styles of representation, suited to different types of graphs or different purposes of presentation. We concentrate on the most gen...

We propose a graph drawing algorithm that is both efficient and high quality. This algorithm combines a multilevel approach, which effectively overcomes local minimums, with the Barnes and Hut [1] octree technique, which approximates shortand long-range force efficiently. Our numerical results show that the algorithm is comparable in speed to Walshaw’s [2] highly efficient multilevel graph draw...

The present paper considers the wire drawing process through a conical die and provides an approximate solution for force, assuming arbitrary hardening law. is based on upper bound theorem. However, this theorem does not apply to stationary flow of strain-hardening materials. Therefore, adopted engineering approach replace original material model with non-homogeneous, perfectly plastic model. k...

This study was aimed to explain the influence of surface roughness of the drawbead on non-symmetry deep drawing cold rolled steel sheet to improve the drawability of cold rolled steel sheet. The variables used in this study included semi-circle drawbead with 3 levels of surface roughness which are 6.127 μm Ra, 0.963 μm Ra and 0.152 μm Ra and cold rolled steel sheet according to 3 grades of the ...

in this paper, formation of wrinkling in bimetal deep drawing process has been investigated by the analytical, numerical and experimental methods. the effects of width of flange, fillet radii of matrix and punch, clearance of blank holder, contact conditions and relative thickness of two sheets on the number and height of wrinkle waves are studied. clearance and contact conditions have the grea...

This paper presents the design of a body-powered voluntary closing prosthetic hand. It is argued that the movement of the fingers before establishing a grip is much less relevant for good control of the object held than the distribution of forces once the object has been contacted. Based on this notion, the configurations of forces on the fingers and the force transmission through the whole mec...