Outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) is an important way to promote China’s economic transformation and achieve high-quality development, it plays role in building a new development pattern that focuses on the domestic systemic circulation as main body, with international double circulations promoting each other. In context of uncertainty current global environment, protectionism arising va...

We report on an experiment investigating whether the Hayak Hypothesis (Smith, 1982) extends to the long run setting. We consider two environments; one with a common production technology having a U-shaped long run average cost curve and a single competitive equilibrium, and another with a common constant returns to scale technology having a constant long run average cost curve and multiple comp...

INTRODUCTION Complete ureteral avulsion is one of the most serious complications of ureteroscopy. The aim of this report was to look for a good solution to full-length complete ureteral avulsion. CASE PRESENTATION A 40-year-old man underwent ureteroscopic management. Full-length complete avulsion of ureter occurred during ureteroscopy. Pyeloureterostomy plus greater omentum investment outside...

In order to assess how individual small investors have reacted to recent adverse events in world financial markets and whether these reactions are mediated by their risk attitudes, a survey was administered to N=120 members of a university community. The survey administered a standard risk tolerance instrument, augmented with questions on specific aspects of attitudes towards risk and uncertain...

The North American freight railroad network is projected to experience rising transportation demand in the coming decades, leading to increased congestion on many rail lines. Capacity is further strained by increased interest in increasing the speed and frequency of passenger service on shared rail corridors. Since passenger trains in North America predominantly operate on corridors where freig...

The ultimate value of theories describing the fundamental mechanisms behind asset prices in financial systems is reflected in the capacity of such theories to understand these systems. Although the models that explain the various states of financial markets offer substantial evidence from the fields of finance, mathematics, and even physics, previous theories that attempt to address the complex...

Electricity demand is forecasted to double in 2035, and it is vital to address the economicsof electrical energy generation for planning purposes. This study aims to examine the applicability ofGravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) and the newly improved GSA (IGSA) for optimization of themixed-integer non-linear electricity generation expansion planning (GEP) problem. The performanceindex of GEP...

Analytics-a new frontier in claims management Insurers are facing a perfect storm, making sustainable profits even more challenging Four key trends are driving this event: ► An increase in the number and severity of natural disasters, which is driving up claims and reinsurance costs; ► Requirements to satisfy new prudential regulations will result in increased capital adequacy requirements; ► V...

Altruism refers to a willingness to benefit others, even at one’s own expense. In contrast, selfishness refers to prioritizing one’s own interests with no consideration for others. However, even if an agent is selfish, he might nevertheless act as if he were altruistic out of selfish concerns triggered when his action is observed; that is, he might seek to feel pride in acting altruistically an...