Reversal learning is widely used to analyze cognitive flexibility and characterize behavioral abnormalities associated with impulsivity disinhibition. Recent studies using fMRI have focused on regions involved in reversal negative positive reinforcers. Although the frontal cortex has been consistently implicated learning, few whether reward punishment may different effects lateral structures th...

AbstractBackground High-frequency rTMS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has demonstrated mixed effects on chronic and provoked pain. Objectives/Methods In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to characterise potential analgesic of high-frequency DLPFC both Results A total 626 studies were identified in systematic search. Twenty-six eligibl...

Self-compassion is an important emotion regulation strategy predicting positive psychological health and fewer psychopathological problems, but little known about its structural neural basis. In the current study, we investigated neurostructural correlates of dispositional self-compassion components using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). We found that was inversely correlated with gray matter vol...

29 The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) have both 30 been implicated in the cognitive control of saccadic eye movements by single neuron 31 recording studies in nonhuman primates and functional imaging studies in humans, but 32 their relative roles remain unclear. Here, we reversibly deactivated either dlPFC or ACC 33 subregions in macaque monkeys while...

Our cognitive abilities in performing tasks are influenced by experienced competition/conflict between behavioral choices. To determine the role of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in the conflict detection-resolution process, we conducted complementary lesion and single-cell recording studies in monkeys that were resolving a conflict between two ru...

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) modulates brain activity in different ways according to the stimulation parameters. Although the after-effects of rTMS over motor cortex are well documented in healthy individuals, less is known about the stimulation of dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Here, we studied in 20 healthy subjects how cortical oscillations are modulated by f...

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) have both been implicated in the cognitive control of saccadic eye movements by single neuron recording studies in nonhuman primates and functional imaging studies in humans, but their relative roles remain unclear. Here, we reversibly deactivated either dlPFC or ACC subregions in macaque monkeys while the animals pe...

Torben Larsen CAST, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winslows Vej 9B, 5000 Odense C, Denmark Email: [email protected] Abstract. The study reviews neuroeconomic studies of Frontal integration with a view to identify components of relevance to decision-maling. Results: Four different partitions of the Frontal Cortex are identified as relevant to integration: Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex inte...

Current theories of cognitive aging emphasize that the prefrontal cortex might not only be a major source of dysfunction but also a source of compensation. We evaluated neural activity associated with retrieval monitoring--or the selection and evaluation of recollected information during memory retrieval--for evidence of dysfunction or compensation. Younger and older adults studied pictures and...

The inter-related cognitive constructs of working memory (WM) and processing speed are fundamental components to general intellectual functioning in humans. Importantly, both WM and processing speed are highly susceptible to disruption in cases of brain injury, neurologic illness, and even in normal aging. A goal of this article is to summarize and critique the functional imaging studies of spe...