aims: intensification of current environmental legislation leads to an increase wastewater treatment sludge volume. so reducing the sludge volume is considered as a strategy to improve and solve the problems of secondary pollution of sludge. dissolved air flotation (daf) as a substitute clarifier is used for separation of activated sludge liquid-solid phases. the aim of this study was to estima...

Introduction: The purpose in this study is to analyze of DVH parameters as predictors of radiation pneumonitis and investigation on the relationship between dosimetric and clinical parameters based on PFTs as response in NTCP model and therefore achieve to lung dose- response relation in breast cancer patients. Prescribed dose to treatment volumes was 50 Gy in 2.0 Gy/fractions ...

This study is to identify significant dosimetric parameters for ear disorders in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients treated with intensity modulated therapy only. Ninety-seven patients with NPC were retrospectively reviewed. Organs at risk (OARs) in the auditory apparatus were contoured. Dose-volume histogram parameters were generated for the Eustachian tube (ET), tympanic cavity (TC), mas...

PURPOSE Certain constraints for target coverage and dose limits in Organs at Risk (OARs) shows some evidence that doses values and homogeneity index in treated volume depends on prognostic factors such as prostate volume, location of urethra and the number of inserted applicators. Our study is to determine the relation between values of the doses in prostate, OARs and particular prognostic fact...

Introduction: Computed tomography is one of the most powerful tools for investigating thorax disease, because it shows progression of lung disease much clearer than chest radiography. Technical advances in CT scanners have led to some abilities for CT scanners such as coverage of larger volume, lower noise and ability for acquiring image in one respiratory phase. However, this will be accompani...

The aim of this study is to compare the physical wedge (PW) with enhanced dynamic wedge (EDW) to determine the difference in the dose distribution affecting the treated breast and the contralateral breast, lungs, heart, esophagus, spine, and surrounding skin in the radiotherapy of breast cancer. Computed tomography (CT) data sets of 30 breast cancer patients were selected from the database for ...

The recent article by Das et al. (1) questions the validity of comparing outcome data for patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatments across multiple centers because of the inherent het-erogeneity of the dose distribution. Their data supporting this assertion consist of the minimum, maximum, median, and isocenter point doses for 803 patients who were treated at...

Several investigations have recently suggested the existence of a correlation between the dose received by the penile bulb (PB) and the risk of erectile dysfunction (ED) after radical radiotherapy for clinically localized prostate carcinoma. A prospective multi-Institute study (DUE-01) was implemented with the aim to assess the predictive parameters of ED. Previously, an evaluation of inter-obs...

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to evaluate the vaginal dose and toxicity in patients of cervical cancer treated with image guided brachytherapy at our institute. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-five patients treated with image based brachytherapy for cervical cancer were included. Vaginal contouring was done on MRI at brachytherapy and with CT scans of subsequent brachytherapy fractions. Do...