Iran's apparel market is currently filled with foreign brands that are generally ranked as high quality goods with high prices. With a surface examination of the apparel market and customers’ opinions, it can be concluded that Iranian apparel, despite having lower prices, is not in a suitable status in comparison with its foreign counterparts. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to ...

This paper presents a new empirical strategy for estimating the effects of trade policy on domestic factor prices when policy endogeneity is suspected. Absent income effects on factor supplies or domestic prices, the coefficient on the terms of trade can provide an unbiased estimator of the effect of trade barriers on the factor distribution of income for a small economy. In the more general ca...

BACKGROUND Policymakers and researchers frequently compare the prices of medicines between countries. Such comparisons often serve as barometers of how pricing and reimbursement policies are performing. The aim of this study was to examine methodological challenges to comparing generic drug prices. METHODS We calculated all commonly used price indices based on 2013 IMS Health data on sales of...

In his inaugural presidential address to the Population Association of America in 1978, Richard Easterlin challenged the orthodox neoclassical economic model of fertility originally suggested by Becker and subsequently elaborated by Becker and Lewis. While maintaining an economic approach to fertility, Easterlin's model was based upon the notion of material aspirations which changed systematic...

This paper models a key aspect of real estate market uncertainty, i.e. the frequent mismatch between office demand and supply under the impact of the macro economy, macroeconomic policy and the domestic stock market. The dynamic interaction of this aspect of the office sector’s market uncertainty is structured under the demand-side and supply-side aspects. Prices in the form of office rents, to...

Wine market reveals some interesting truths about the pattern of international trade in differentiated goods. We examine a large sample of domestic and foreign wines sold in Slovenian supermarkets and specialized wine shops in 2009. In our sample, imported wine is on average more expensive and of better quality than domestic wine. Higher quality wines sell at higher prices and quality-adjusted ...

The Impact of International Outsourcing on the Skill Structure of Employment: Empirical Evidence from German Manufacturing Industries* In recent publications it has been argued that the change of the skill structure of industrial employment is caused by biased technical progress rather than by increasing international trade with low wage countries. However, in linking prices for final goods wit...

This paper develops a simulation of Korean dairy policy that is tailored to the data, institutions, and policies in South Korea. It compares potential effects of changes in trade and domestic policy to baseline projections to 2015. Beverage milk continues to be supplied from domestic sources, implying imports compete in the manufacture of tradable products. We model manufactured dairy product s...

This is the first paper to consider a mixed oligopoly in which a public Stackelberg leader competes with both domestic and foreign private firms. The welfare maximizing leader is shown to always produce less than under previous Cournot conjectures. Introducing leadership also alters previous public pricing rules resulting in prices that may be either greater than or less than marginal cost depe...

Governments often actively participate in storage and trading activities and impose price controls to allay fears of future scarcity and to control ‘collusive practices’ and ‘speculative activities’ of private operators. In this paper, we analyze the impacts of deregulating domestic grain markets in India based on a spatial equilibrium model of interstate trade under arbitrage opportunities. We...