DMBA, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, is a widely studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has long been recognized as a probable human carcinogen. It has been found that DMBA is phototoxic in bacteria as well as in animal or human cells and photomutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA102. This article tempts to explain the photochemistry and photomutagenicity mechanism. Light irradia...

Molecular dosimetry techniques were exploited in order to assess the efficacy of experimental chemoprevention assays and to evaluate the involvement of DNA alterations, not only in cancer but also in other chronic degenerative diseases. In agreement with other protective effects previously observed in the same animal models, the thiol N-acetylcysteine (NAC) totally prevented or significantly re...

A group of eczema patients topically treated with coal tar (CT) ointments was used as a model population to examine the applicability of DNA adducts in WBC subpopulations as a measure of dermal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Aromatic DNA adducts were examined by 32P-postlabeling in exposed skin and WBC subsets, and urinary excretion of PAH metabolites was determined to ass...

We have investigated the formation of DNA adducts in the bone marrow and white blood cells of male B6C3F1 mice treated with benzene using P1-enhanced 32P-postlabeling. No adducts were detected in the bone marrow of controls or mice treated with various doses of benzene once a day. After twice-daily treatment for 1 to 7 days with benzene, 440 mg/kg, one major (no. 1) and up to two minor DNA addu...

Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP), an environmentally significant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is one of the most potent carcinogens with greater carcinogenicity in rodent mammary glands and skin than 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene or benzo[a]pyrene, respectively. In this study, we have examined the formation and persistence of stable DNA adducts in rats administered a carcinogenic intramammil...

Molecular dosimetry techniques were exploited in order to assess the efficacy of experimental chemoprevention assays and to evaluate the involvement of DNA alterations, not only in cancer but also in other chronic degenerative diseases. In agreement with other protective effects previously observed in the same animal models, the thiol /V-acetylcysteine (NAC) totally prevented or significantly r...

Male CD rats were injected with single i.p. doses of benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), livers, and lungs were removed at various times after administration. DNA adducts were analyzed in each tissue by 32P postlabeling with nuclease P1 enhancement. Sister chromatid exchange frequencies were concomitantly measured in cultured whole blood. B(a)P-DNA adducts were obse...

Measurement of carcinogen DNA adducts in blood has been used as a surrogate for the target lung tissue. We aimed to examine whether genetic polymorphisms in several metabolic pathway genes modify the relation between DNA adducts in target lung and blood. One hundred and thirty-five early-stage lung cancer patients from the Massachusetts General Hospital were studied. DNA adducts were measured b...

The differences in efficacy and molecular mechanisms of platinum based anti-cancer drugs cisplatin (CP) and oxaliplatin (OX) have been hypothesized to be in part due to the differential binding affinity of cellular and damage recognition proteins to CP and OX adducts formed on adjacent guanines in genomic DNA. HMGB1a in particular exhibits higher binding affinity to CP-GG adducts, and the exten...

The technique of 32P postlabeling of DNA-carcinogen adducts is a useful and extremely sensitive method of detecting and quantitating DNA damage by carcinogens. We have adapted the 32P method to analysis by high-pressure liquid chromatography, making the procedure more rapid and convenient than when thin-layer chromatography is used. Following DNA isolation and hydrolysis, nucleotide-carcinogen ...