the paper tries to present an improved mathematical model for distribution companies (discos) in order to solve distribution network expansion planning (dnep) problems in the presence of certain resources of distributed generations (dgs) entitled small scale gas engines in the medium voltage grids. with the aim of minimizing investment and operation costs, the recommended model combines a compr...

Combining the daily operations of the utilities, the latest computer technology and the professional technology of distribution network planning, a practical GIS (Geographical Information System) based computer decision-making support system with eight sub systems for urban power distribution network planning is introduced. The models and functions of the system are described. This system has b...

Introduction Interaluminal brachytherapy is one of the important methods of esophageal cancer treatment. The effect of applicator attenuation is not considered in dose calculation method released by AAPM-TG43. In this study, the effect of High-Dose Rate (HDR) brachytherapy esophageal applicator on dose distribution was surveyed in HDR brachytherapy. Materials and Methods A cylindrical PMMA phan...

the harmonic in distribution systems becomes an important problem due to an increase in nonlinear loads. this paper presents a new approach based on a graph algorithm for optimum placement of passive harmonic filters in a multi-bus system, which suffers from harmonic current sources. the objective of this paper is to minimize the network loss, the cost of the filter and the total harmonic disto...

The distribution system is normally equivalent as a dynamic power injected at the interconnected transmission bus. This cannot unlock potential benefits of transmission–distribution interaction. To tackle this problem, paper proposes distributed stochastic optimization approach to simultaneously determine operation and planning. Uncertainties in systems are modelled using numbers typical scenar...