Contingency analysis and reaction is a critical task to be carried out by any airplane to guarantee its safe operation in a non-segregated airspace. Pilot’s reactions to any kind of incidences that may occur in-flight, like engine malfunctions, loss of electrical power, hydraulic failure, unexpected weather, etc, will determine the fate of the flight. Nowadays, contingency reactions are mainly ...

Contingency tables represent data in a granular way and are a well-established tool for inductive generalization of knowledge from data. We show that the basic concepts of rough sets, such as concept approximation, indiscernibility, and reduct can be expressed in the language of contingency tables. We further demonstrate the relevance to rough sets theory of additional probabilistic information...

Utilities use operating reserve for frequency regulation. To ensure that the operating frequency and system security are well maintained, the operating grid codes always specify that the reserve quantity and response rate should meet some prescribed levels. This paper proposes a methodology to evaluate system’s contingency reserve for an isolated power network. With the presented algorithm to e...

This paper proposes the use of responsibility modelling as a tool to support the process of contingency planning for civil emergencies. Existing contingency planning techniques produce documents which are difficult to analyse for vulnerabilities, particularly across organisational boundaries and are likely to be largely unused during an actual emergency. This paper presents a new approach to co...

Analogue assessments were conducted with a common contingency (escape from tasks) that varied only by three different instructions describing the contingency. In one condition, the contingency was described as "taking a break," in another condition it was described as "time-out," and no description of the contingency was provided in a third condition. The participant was a typically developing ...

Purpose Contingency estimating and management are critical management functions necessary for successful delivery of construction projects. Considering its importance, academics and industry professionals proposed a wide range of methods for risk quantification and accordingly for contingency estimating1. Considerably less work was directed to contingency management including risk mitigate duri...

The authors previously described a procedure that permits rapid, multiple within-participant evaluations of contingency assessment (the "streamed-trial" procedure, M. J. C. Crump, S. D. Hannah, L. G. Allan, & L. K. Hord, 2007). In the present experiments, they used the streamed-trial procedure, combined with the method of constant stimuli and a binary classification response, to assess the psyc...