We study one way in which stable phenomena can exist in an NIP theory. We start by defining a notion of ‘pure instability’ that we call ‘distality’ in which no such phenomenon occurs. O-minimal theories and the p-adics for example are distal. Next, we try to understand what happens when distality fails. Given a type p over a sufficiently saturated model, we extract, in some sense, the stable pa...

In this paper we prove that any ergodic measurably distal system can be realized as a minimal topologically distal system with an invariant Borel measure of full support. The proof depends upon a theorem stating that every measurable function from a measurable system with its base space being a compact metric space to a connected compact group is cohomologous to a continuous function. A topolog...

The aim of this work is an analysis of distal and non-distal behavior in dense pairs of o-minimal structures. A characterization of distal types is given through orthogonality to a generic type in Meq, non-distality is geometrically analyzed through Keisler measures, and a distal expansion for the case of pairs of ordered vector spaces is computed.

Distal-less function Distal-less (Dll), as its name suggests, is required for distal limb development. Drosophila mutants lacking Dll function die as embryos because they lack the rudimentary larval limbs (Cohen and Jurgens, 1989). Viable combinations of Dll alleles of increasing severity can be used to generate a phenotypic series in which weak allelic combinations lead to fusions of the dista...

t-condylar fracture of the distal humerus is rare in the skeletally immature children and is very rare in young children, under 9 years of age. this fracture has been classified  as:  type a ( minimally displaced or undisplaced), type b (displaced  but  not comminuted ) and type c (displaced and comminuted). herein, we report a t-condylar fracture of the distal humerus in a 5-yr-old boy. this f...

background: the main purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between serum vitamin d and the status of bone mineral density in patients with low-energy hip and distal radius fracture. methods: this retrospective case-control study was performed between january 2013 and january 2014. participants aged 55 years or older were divided to case group including 85 patients with low-ene...

  Distal renal tubular acidosis is a syndrome of abnormal urine acidification and is characterized by hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, hypercalciurea, nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis. Despite the presence of persistent hypokalemia, acute muscular paralysis is rarely encountered in males.Here, we will report an eighteen year old male patient who presented with flaccid quadrip...