the current building codes provide limited prescriptive guidance on design for protection of buildings due to progressive collapse. progressive collapse is a situation in which a localized failure in a structure, caused by an abnormal load, such as explosions or other happenings. three procedures, often employed for determination of the structural response during progressive collapse i.e. linea...

The objective of this study was to design and validate a three degrees of freedom model in the sagittal plane for the bench press exercise. The mechanical model was based on rigid segments connected by revolute and prismatic pairs, which enabled a kinematic approach and global force estimation. The method requires only three simple measurements: (i) horizontal position of the hand (x(0)); (ii) ...

in the present study, vibration of cylindrical laminates with different layers and angles were studied. in order to actuate and polarize in radial direction, a piezoelectric layer was located at outer surface of composite shell. laminates were assumed long enough so that plane strain state analysis in 2d can be used properly. in order to satisfy the boundary conditions, variables in terms of fo...

Relationship between displacement and velocity amplitudes of seismic waves was examined with data at stations within 200 km from 142 local earthquakes in and near Japan. The expected value of the coefficient for the logarithmic velocity amplitude to the logarithmic displacement amplitude is 0.5 when a self-similar scaling model is assumed. Observed value of the coefficient is about 0.8∼0.9. Thi...

The inelastic Lorentz gas in cooling states is studied. It is found that the inelastic Lorentz gas is localized and that the mean square displacement of the inelastic Lorentz gas obeys a power of a logarithmic function of time. It is also found that the scaled position distribution of the inelastic Lorentz gas has an exponential tail, while the distribution is close to the Gaussian near the pea...

In semiconductor packaging, warpage is one of the critical issues during molding stage. It is related to a thermal mismatch i.e. coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) values and reliability of passive components in the package. Finite element method (FEM) is able to perform extensive structural analysis of quad flat no-lead (QFN) package designs once verified by experiments. 2 factorial is emp...