The polarization emerging in the subsequent scattering processes can never exceed 1 which corresponds to fully polarized pure state. This property is shown be provided by addition rule similar that for relativistic velocities exceeding speed of light. cases spin $1/2$ and are considered. photon linear Thomson monotonically increasing. directness a consequence measurement procedure may particula...

The ion atmosphere of nucleic acids directly affects measured biochemical and biophysical properties. However, study of the ion atmosphere is difficult due to its diffuse and dynamic nature. Standard techniques available have significant limitations in sensitivity, specificity, and directness of the assays. Buffer exchange-atomic emission spectroscopy (BE-AES) was developed to overcome many of ...

This paper describes a series of three evaluations of electronic textbooks on the Web, which focused on assessing how appearance and design can affect users’ sense of engagement and directness with the material. The EBONI Project’s methodology for evaluating electronic textbooks is outlined and each experiment is described, together with an analysis of results. Finally, some recommendations for...

In this paper we propose a mental models theory of syllogistic reasoning which does not incorporate a falsification procedure and clearly specifies which conclusions will be generated and in what order of preference. It is assumed the models constructed vary in terms of the number of uncertain representations of end terms, and the directness of the representation of the subjects of valid conclu...

Information visualization is an experience in which both the aesthetic representations and interaction are part. Such an experience can be augmented through close consideration of its major components. Interaction is crucial to the experience, yet it has seldom been adequately explored in the field. We claim that direct mediated interaction can augment such an experience. This paper discusses t...

the literature on the life and works of Wagner is already extensive and we are told that he ranks third in bibliographical status to Jesus and Napoleon. But much of this is rather diffuse and turgid so that it is a great pleasure to find that Bryan Magee has now produced a Wagnerian analysis refreshing in its clarity, directness and brevity. This little monograph consists of five essays dealing...

Mobile interaction with public displays is usually indirect and depends on the limited input features of mobile devices. Dynamic NFC-displays combine the simplicity and directness of mobile interaction with NFC-tagged, physical objects and the visual output capabilities of public displays. In this paper, we explore this technology as a prototyping platform for the development of more direct and...

This paper is a discussion of our experience in designing perceptual representations for virtual environments for surgical training. Networked virtual environments can be used for training and education, and indeed can have some benefits over hands-on training in the real world. In designing content for such an environment there is a tension between including realistic models of real world obje...

Speech quality models usually estimate the integral quality of the degraded speech files. Such quality values do not inform system developers and telephone service providers on the perceived degradation introduced by the system under study. This paper describes a new intrusive speech quality model, called Diagnostic Instrumental Assessment of Listening quality (DIAL), providing diagnostic infor...