Lung recruitment maneuvers are being used in the management of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome, but recruitment maneuvers are controversial. The proponents argue that when properly applied to appropriately selected patients, they are effective and can be safely applied. The expectation is that the recruitment maneuver will change the course of ARDS and improve outcomes...

Honeybees (Apis mellifera) discriminate multiple object features such as colour, pattern and 2D shape, but it remains unknown whether and how bees recover three-dimensional shape. Here we show that bees can recognize objects by their three-dimensional form, whereby they employ an active strategy to uncover the depth profiles. We trained individual, free flying honeybees to collect sugar water f...

The zebrafish larva stands out as an emergent model organism for translational studies involving gene or drug screening thanks to its size, genetics, and permeability. At the larval stage, locomotion occurs in short episodes punctuated by periods of rest. Although phenotyping behavior is a key component of large-scale screens, it has not yet been automated in this model system. We developed Zeb...

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of recommended measures, such as "cover your mouth when coughing", in disrupting the chain of transmission of infectious respiratory diseases (IRD) has been questioned. The objective of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of simple primary respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette maneuvers in blocking droplets expelled as aerosol during coughing. METHO...

Abstract Based on the cat-righting reflex, this paper presents two reorientation maneuvers for legged robots that can produce roll and pitch during free fall. In order to better describe plan these maneuvers, separate, but equivalent, theoretical frameworks kinematic dynamic behavior of free-floating articulated architectures are explored developed. A nine-degree-of-freedom quadruped robot arch...

Microscopic traffic flow models enable predictions of operations, which allows engineers to assess the efficiency and safety effects roadway designs. Modeling vehicle trajectories inside intersections is challenging because there an infinite number possible paths in a two-dimensional space, drivers can simultaneously adapt their speeds as well. To date, human driver for simultaneous longitudina...

This paper presents a behavior-based approach to formation maneuvers for groups of mobile robots. Complex formation maneuvers are decomposed into a sequence of maneuvers between formation patterns. The paper presents three formation control strategies. The first strategy uses relative position information configured in a bidirectional ring topology to maintain the formation. The second strategy...

We study an important practical aspect of the route planning problem in real-world road networks – maneuvers. Informally, maneuvers represent various irregularities of the road network graph such as turnprohibitions, traffic light delays, round-abouts, forbidden passages and so on. We propose a generalized model which can handle arbitrarily complex (and even negative) maneuvers, and outline how...

We introduce a simple framework for learning aggressive maneuvers in flight control of UAVs. Having inspired from biological environment, dynamic movement primitives are analyzed and extended using nonlinear contraction theory. Accordingly, primitives of an observed movement are stably combined and concatenated. We demonstrate our results experimentally on the Quanser Helicopter, in which we fi...

At high speeds in natural terrain, unmanned ground vehicles can experience unexpected situations that require rapid hazard avoidance maneuvers. In these scenarios there is often limited time to replan a path based on high-order dynamic models. This paper presents a novel method for high speed navigation and hazard avoidance based on the two dimensional “trajectory space,” a compact and computat...