This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP). Please refer to the corresponding final paper in ACP if available. Abstract This paper discusses the application of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to limited-area modeling of atmospheric processes over the subtropical southeastern Pacific, with the emphasis on the stratocumu...

in this paper, multi-objective uniform-diversity genetic algorithm (muga) with a diversity preserving mechanism called the ε-elimination algorithm is used for pareto optimization of 5-degree of freedom vehicle vibration model considering the five conflicting functions simultaneously. the important conflicting objective functions that have been considered in this work are, namely, vertical accel...

[1] The structure of tropical large-scale vertical velocity from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis is compared with simultaneous satellite measurements of precipitation, top of atmosphere radiation, and clouds from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) on timescales ranging from hours to months. The first two empirical orthogonal functions of the vertic...

The surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equations are a model for low-Rossby number geophysical flows in which the dynamics are governed by potential temperature dynamics on the boundary. The model can be used to explore the effect on transport of the transition from two-dimensional to three-dimensional mesoscale geophysical flows. On an f -plane with linear stratification, we examine the dynamics ...

In this two-part paper, the impact of level-II Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) radar reflectivity and radial velocity data on the prediction of a cluster of tornadic thunderstorms in the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) model is studied. Radar reflectivity data are used primarily in a cloud analysis procedure that retrieves the amount of hydrometeors and adjusts in-c...

We simulated a marine stratus deck sampled during the Marine Stratus/Stratocumulus Experiment (MASE) with a three-dimensional large eddy simulation (LES) model at different model resolutions. Various characteristics of the vertical velocity from the model simulations were evaluated against those derived from the corresponding aircraft in situ observations, focusing on standard deviation, skewne...

in exploration seismology, migration refers to a multi-channel processing step that attempts to spatially re-position events and improve focusing. before migration, seismic data is usually displayed with traces plotted at the surface location of the receivers and with a vertical time axis. this means that dipping reflections are systematically mispositioned in the lateral coordinate and the ver...

A two dimensional numerical model of shallow water equations was developed to calculate sub and super-critical open channel flows. Utilizing an implicit scheme the steady state equations were discretized based on a control volume method. Collocated grid arrangement was applied with a SIMPLEC like algorithm for depth-velocity coupling. A power law scheme was used for discretization of convection...

In the summertime, convections occur frequently over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) because of the large dynamic and thermal effects of the landmass. Measurements of vertical air velocity in convective cloud are useful for advancing our understanding of the dynamic and microphysical mechanisms of clouds and can be used to improve the parameterization of current numerical models. This paper presents a...