3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), an active metabolite of indole-3-carbinol, is thought to have antitumor effects in experimental animals and induce apoptosis in various cancer cells. However, the biological functions of DIM in human esophageal cancer cells are unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of DIM in ...

Schnyder characterized planar graphs in terms of order dimension. Brightwell and Trotter proved that the dimension of the vertex-edgeface poset PM of a planar map M is at most four. In this paper we investigate cases where dim(PM ) ≤ 3 and also where dim(QM ) ≤ 3; here QM denotes the vertex-face poset of M . We show: • If M contains a K4-subdivision, then dim(PM ) = dim(QM ) = 4. • IfM or the d...

PURPOSE 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a natural component of cruciferous plants. It has strong antioxidant and anti-angiogenic effects and promotes the apoptosis of a variety of tumor cells. However, little is known about the critical role of DIM on cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study, we investigated the effects of DIM on cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS Multiple molecular techniques such...

Dietary indoles, present in Brassica plants such as cabbage, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts, have been shown to provide potential protection against hormone-dependent cancers. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is under study as one of the main protective indole metabolites. Postmenopausal women aged 50-70 yr from Marin County, California, with a history of early-stage breast cancer, were screened for...

3,39-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a natural indole found in cruciferous vegetables, has significant anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. In this current study, we investigated the effects of DIM on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by exposure to staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). We found that pretreatment of mice with DIM led to attenuation of SEB-induced inflammation in the lungs, vascula...

a) What are the possible values for the rank of A? Why? Solution By the Rank-Nullity Theorem 0 ≤ rank (A) ≤ min{6, 4} = 4. b) What are the possible values for the dimension of the kernel of A? Why? Solution Since dim(image(A)) ≤ 4, by the Rank-Nullity Theorem 2 ≤ dim ker(A) ≤ 6. c) Suppose the rank of A is as large as possible. What is the dimension of ker(A)? Explain. Solution Since then dim(i...

This paper initiates the study of sets in Euclidean space R (n ≥ 2) that are defined in terms of the dimensions of their elements. Specifically, given an interval I ⊆ [0, 1], we are interested in the connectivity properties of the set DIM consisting of all points in R whose (constructive Hausdorff) dimensions lie in the interval I. It is easy to see that the sets DIM and DIM(n−1,n] are totally ...

In this paper, for any two bipartite ordered sets P and Q; we de ne the convolution P Q of P and Q: For dim(P ) = s and dim(Q) = t; we prove that s+ t (U + V ) 2 dim(P Q) s+t (U+V )+2; where U+V is the max-min integer of the certain realizers. In particular, we also prove that dim(Pn;k) = n+k b n+k 3 c for 2 k n < 2k and dim(Pn;k) = n for n 2k; where Pn;k = Sn Sk is the convolution of two stand...

The antitumor effects of 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) are exhibited in a number of human cancer cells. However, there have been few studies performed concerning the effect of DIM on nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) cells. In the present study, we examined the in vitro antitumor activity of DIM on the poorly differentiated NPC cell line CNE-2. The potential molecular mechanisms of the activity were al...