The conditions present in both in vitro and in vivo ecosystems determine the microbial population harbouring it. One commonly accepted theory is that a species with a high substrate affinity and low growth rate (k-strategist) will win the competition against a second species with a lower substrate affinity and higher growth rate (r-strategist) if both species are subjected to low substrate conc...

Maximal productivity of a 14 mm light-path panel photobioreactor under high irradiance was determined. Under continuous illumination of 2,100 micromol photons m(-2) s(-1) with red light emitting diodes (LEDs) the effect of dilution rate on photobioreactor productivity was studied. The light intensity used in this work is similar to the maximal irradiance on a horizontal surface at latitudes low...

A study on motility of spermatozoa of the Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus were carried out. The time of relative cessation of sperm activity was evaluated using microscopic observation. Sperm was activated with three different swimming medium, freshwater pH 7.5, and two different buffered saline solutions, pH 7.5. Total period of the motility of A. persicus spermatozoa was shorter in fresh...

In 111 lupus patients we compared the potential of the IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibody (ACA) enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and four different lupus anticoagulant (LAC) assays (partial thromboplastin time (PTT) of a 1:1 mixture of patient and control plasma with phospholipids from animal (PTT-st) or human brain (PTT-HB); PTT with dilutions of human brain phospholipids (PL diluti...

During a mesocosm study in Raunefjorden, Norway, a Micromonas spp. population, initially showing exponential net growth, dramatically declined after Day 4 of the experiment. Using a modification of the dilution approach originally developed to quantify grazing by microzooplankton on phytoplankton, it was possible to partition the mortality of Micromonas spp. between grazing and viral lysis on D...

dry areas near the sea can obtain fresh water through solar distillation of saline sea water resources. however, these solar distillation sites produce wastewater as a result of desalination of sea water with high salt concentration. waste must be disposed of with the least effect on the receiving environment (sea, in most cases). initial dilution and its characteristics play important roles in...