BACKGROUND Accurate data on dietary habits are crucial for understanding impacts on disease and informing policy priorities. Nation-specific food balance sheets from the United Nations FAO provided the only available global dietary estimates but with uncertain validity. OBJECTIVES We investigated how FAO estimates compared with nationally representative, individual-based dietary surveys from ...

Background Considering the lack of data on the association between habitual dietary intakes of nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) and cardiovascular events, we assessed possible effects of dietary NO3- and NO2-, in the context of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the diet, with the risk of cardiovascular (CVD) outcomes. Methods Adult men and women without CVD (n = 2369) were recruited from t...

The authors evaluated associations between intakes of folate and vitamin B(6) and colorectal cancer risk among women enrolled in a randomized trial on aspirin and vitamin E in disease prevention. At baseline (1992-1995), 37,916 US women aged >or=45 years who were free of cancer and cardiovascular disease provided dietary information. During an average of 10.1 years of follow-up (through Februar...

Presently, no national dietary guidelines--neither food- nor nutrient-based--exist for Austria. Usually, the recommendations of the German Society of Nutrition are used instead. The determination of national characteristics of nutritional behaviour and food consumption can reveal starting-points for the improvement of nutritional status in Austria. Seven-day weighed records (children and adoles...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the genes influencing dietary energy and nutrient intakes, despite evidence that these intakes are influenced by genetic factors. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify, by using a genome-wide linkage analysis, chromosomal regions harboring genes that affect energy and macronutrient intakes. DESIGN Energy, carbohydrate, lipid, and protein intakes were assessed in 83...

Background: Considering the importance of healthy diet in the protection of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), this research aimed to assess the physiological risk factors for CVD in middle-aged adults and their association with dietary intake in the north of Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted in the years 2016-2017 among the adults aged 40-60 years living in Amirkola, Babol, t...

Background: Flavonoids are effective antioxidants and may protect against several chronic diseases. Objective: The association between flavonoid intake and risk of several chronic diseases was studied. Design: The total dietary intakes of 10 054 men and women during the year preceding the baseline examination were determined with a dietary history method. Flavonoid intakes were estimated, mainl...

Several previous studies have shown that a diet score based on the Japanese food guide Spinning Top (the original score) is associated with both favourable and unfavourable dietary intake patterns. We developed a food-based diet quality score (the modified score) and examined associations with nutrient intakes. Subjects were 3963 young (all aged 18 years), 3800 middle-aged (mean age 47·7 (sd 3·...

OBJECTIVE To report micronutrient intakes in Northern Ireland schoolchildren, and to establish the contribution of fortified breakfast cereal to overall nutrient intakes and achievement of current dietary recommendations. DESIGN Analysis of dietary intakes and physical characteristics of participants in a randomly selected 2% population sample of 1015 schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 years in No...

Background: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most prevalent endocrine cancer. Evidence showed a significant association between diet and DTC. Thus, this study aimed to assess the relationship between dietary intakes and DTC. Methods: This case-control study was accomplished among 300 adult patients and 300 matched (age and gender) controls in Mashhad city, Iran. Dietary assessment was...