The ultimate concern over pesticides in the environment is their toxic impact on nontarget organisms, including humans. Soil clays are known to interact with pesticides in ways that decrease the concentration of the parent compound in the soil solution (adsorption, sequestration, degradation). These phenomena are generally regarded as beneficial, but toxicological verification is lacking. In th...

Abstract Field studies were conducted to determine the effects of synthetic auxin herbicides at simulated exposure rates applied ‘Covington’ sweetpotato propagation beds on quality nonrooted stem cuttings (slips). Treatments included diglycolamine salt dicamba, 2,4-D choline plus nonionic surfactant (NIS), and glyphosate 1/10, 1/33, or 1/66 a 1X application rate (560 g ae ha −1 1,065 choline, 1...

Abstract Following the introduction of dicamba-resistant (DR) soybean in 2017, concerns have increased with regard to dicamba off-target movement (OTM) onto sensitive crops, including vegetables. Field trials were conducted New Jersey, York, and Delaware evaluate cucumber (‘Python’), eggplant (‘Santana’), snap bean (‘Caprice’ ‘Huntington’) injury yield response simulated drift rates. Crops expo...

Abstract Glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed interference in soybean can reduce yield up to 93%. Glyphosate plus dicamba, 2,4-D ester, halauxifen-methyl or pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D applied preplant (PP) provide variable GR control soybean. The objective of this study was determine if the addition saflufenacil metribuzin glyphosate halauxifen-methyl, will improve level and consistency control. Fou...

This study was undertaken to determine sorption coefficients of eight herbicides (alachlor, amitrole, atrazine, simazine, dicamba, imazamox, imazethapyr, and pendimethalin) to seven agricultural soils from sites throughout Lithuania. The measured sorption coefficients were used to predict the susceptibility of these herbicides to leach to groundwater. Soil-water partitioning coefficients were m...

Biomass reduction and amino acid content in plants of Papaver rhoeas L. and Stellaria media L. were investigated to evaluate response of these species to herbicide stress under various temperature (25/16 and 8/2 C) and relative humidity (50 and 75%) regimes. Weeds were treated with tribenuron methyl (15 g × ha), a mixture of 2.4-D with florasulam (180 + 3.75 g × ha), and a mixture of 2.4-D with...

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate injury symptoms on soybean not tolerant dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid), as well crop yield, after the application sub-rates herbicide simulate physical drift in tropical conditions. Dicamba rates 0, 5.8, 14.4, 28.8, 57.6, and 576 g acid equivalent per hectare were applied at vegetative (V3) reproductive (R1) stages soybean, usin...

The objective of this greenhouse study was to evaluate tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea ) seedling growth when seeded after herbicide application. Herbicide treatments included a nontreated control; 1.19 lb/acre 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) + 0.32 methylchlorophenoxypropionic (MCPP) dicamba; 0.75 quinclorac; and 0.06 halosulfuron-methyl. Seeding done at 0, 3, 7, or 14 days applicatio...