Infectious diarrhoea is the second most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The WHO estimates that about 2.5 million people die annually as a result of infectious diarrhoea, most of them children!. In 2002 about 1.6 million children under the age of five in developing countries died from diarrhoeal disease. In the United States between 211375 million episodes of diarrhoeal diseas...

HOSPITAL-BASED DIARRHOEAL DISEASE SURVEILLANCE IN BANGLADESH: URBAN-RURAL DIFFERENTIALS IN MAJOR FINDINGS Abu SG Faruque, Sumon K Das, Mohammed A Malek, Mohammed A Salam, A Cravioto. Background ICDDR,B maintains a Diarrhoeal Disease Surveillance System (DDSS) at its Dhaka (urban) and Matlab (rural) hospitals to monitor emergence of new enteric pathogens, re-emergence of conventional pathogens, ...

Cyclospora is recently described new human pathogenic coccidian causing intermittent diarrhoeal enteritis which may persist for weeks or months in immunocompetent subjects, particularly travellers visiting some tropical areas and countries, such as Nepal, the Caribbean, Peru and Mexico. More rarely this enteric pathogen affects immunocompromised humans, namely HIV-infected people or AIDS patien...

Diarrhoeal mortality rates in Mexican children dramatically declined during the 1980s and 1990s, concomitant with a temporal shift in peak deaths from summer to autumn-winter. The spatial dynamics of these patterns have not previously been studied. We first describe the seasonal features of paediatric diarrhoeal mortality in Mexico as a whole, then across individual states. While no geographica...

The study was conducted to assess the effect of definition of episode on diarrhoeal morbidity and to develop a means of adjusting estimates of morbidity for the definition of episode used. This paper reports on a cohort study of 374 children, aged 9-32 months, in three African countries, which recorded frequency and consistency of stool over a seven-month period. Different definitions of episod...

Platycladus is a distinct genus of evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, containing only one species, Platycladus orientalis, also known as Chinese Arborvitae or Biota. It is a small, slowgrowing tree, to 15-20 m tall and 0.5 m trunk diameterThe different parts of the plant are traditionally used as a diuretic, anticancer, anticonvulsant, stomachic, antipyretic, analgesi...

Giardia duodenalis, is often seen as an opportunistic pathogen and one of the major food and waterborne parasites. Some insights of Giardia infestation in a diarrhoea-prone population were investigated in the present study. Our primary goal was to understand the interaction of this parasite with other pathogens during infection and to determine some important factors regulating the diarrhoeal d...

The Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition (JHPN), which is published by the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), evolved from the Journal of Diarrhoeal Diseases Research (JDDR) in June 2000. While the JDDR focused exclusively on diarrhoeal diseases, the JHPN broadened its view of health and illness in developing countries. This transformation coincid...

OBJECTIVE To determine the cost of rotavirus and all-cause diarrhoea in Vellore, India. METHODS Parents of children <5 years of age accessing clinics, emergency rooms, or hospitals for acute diarrhoea completed a questionnaire detailing healthcare utilisation, medical and non-medical expenditures, and lost income. Faecal samples were screened for rotavirus and medical records were examined. C...