OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanisms of regulation between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a stimulator and endostatin as an inhibitor of angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS One hundred fifty-nine eyes of 120 diabetic patients were studied. Concentrations of VEGF and endostatin in vitreous fluid and aqueous humor, obtained from the eyes during ocular surgery, we...

Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of vision loss among working-age people in the United States. The hallmark of diabetic retinopathy is vascular compromise. Increased vascular permeability leads to the development of diabetic macular edema, which is the major cause of vision loss in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Vascular occlusion causes retinal ischemia and subsequent angiogenesi...

The authors report two cases of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS) manifested as bilateral vitreous hemorrhage as early as in an 1-month-old infant and in a 3-month-old infant. The one-month-old male infant showed massive bilateral vitreous hemorrhage. During vitrectomy, thin membrane representing an inner part of schisis cavity was excised and intraschisis hemorrhage was evacuated. As intr...

propose: to evaluate the specifity and sensitivity of ocular sonography in the diagnosis of retinal detachment in the presence of vitreous hemorrhage. methods: this cross-sectional study included 47 (23 right eyes and 24 left eyes) eyes of 47 patients (18 male and 29 female subjects) with vitreous hemorrhage suspected of retinal detachment requiring surgery. preoperative ocular sonography was c...

OBJECTIVE To determine the cellular mechanism that allows subretinal hemorrhage to cloud the vitreous. METHODS We simulated subretinal hemorrhage in a rabbit model by injecting autologous blood beneath the retina. At the first appearance of a cloud in the vitreous a vitrectomy was performed and using a surgical microscope, the retina was searched for breaks. After enucleation and fixation, th...

IMPORTANCE Rivaroxaban is an anticoagulant prescribed for the management of atrial fibrillation. We describe a correlation between rivaroxaban and spontaneous vitreous hemorrhage. OBSERVATIONS Three patients developed spontaneous vitreous hemorrhage after initiating rivaroxaban anticoagulation. All 3 patients were taking an additional anticoagulant at the time of hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS AND...

PURPOSE To develop a predictive model for patients with diabetes who are most likely to have vitreous hemorrhage clearing by 3 months after a single, intravitreous injection of highly purified, preservative-free, ovine hyaluronidase (Vitrase; ISTA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Irvine, CA). METHODS Post hoc data analysis was performed on two randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, phase 3 clin...