Background Caffeine and chlorogenic acid are two compounds in green coffee beans that alter blood glucose disposal and insulin sensitivity. Caffeine has been shown to decrease glucose disposal and insulin sensitivity when taken 60 minutes prior to an oral glucose tolerance test in humans, whereas chlorogenic acid has been shown to increase glucose disposal and insulin sensitivity in humans. The...

Laryngeal irritant receptors are stimulated by water and solutions lacking chloride ions, such as isotonic dextrose. It has been reported that furosemide (frusemide) reduces cough evoked by inhalation of low-chloride solutions. We studied the effect of furosemide on the response of laryngeal receptors to isotonic dextrose. Experiments were performed on nine dogs anaesthetized, spontaneously bre...

BACKGROUND Carbohydrate powder in the form of maltodextrin is widely used by athletes for postexercise glycogen resynthesis. There is some concern that such a practice may be associated with a postprandial rise in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production and subsequent oxidation of macromolecules. This is largely supported by findings of increased oxidative-stress biomarkers and associat...

Also described as low viscous or low viscosity dextran, dextran 40 is prepared by acid hydrolysis and differential fractionation of a crude macromolecular polysaccharide produced from the fermentation of sucrose by the bacterium, Leuconostoc mesenteroides (strain B-512). The crude material is composed of linked glucose units. In the fraction represented by dextran 40, 80% of the molecules have ...

The blood preservative introduced by Loutit and Mollison (1) consisting essentially of a sodium citrate-dextrose mixture of relatively low pH, has proved superior to previously employed preserving fluids. The original formula and many subsequent modifications have a rather high volume. This produces considerable dilution of the plasma proteins. The purpose of this study, begun in June 1944, was...

Newborn infants at risk for hypoglycemia are typically managed with feedings or the administration of dextrose gel. Despite these measures, many require admission to a special care nursery neonatal intensive unit (NICU) intravenous dextrose. Unfortunately, NICU separates mothers and infants, may lead unintended consequence difficulties in establishing breastfeeding. Therefore, it is important i...

1. The authors have now clarified which fluids they mean: 0.45% saline in 5% dextrose AND 0.9% saline in 5% dextrose, which are referred to as hypotonic and isotonic respecitvely. Whilst I understand that this is common parlance in paediatric fluid therapy, it is misleading without some qualification. Both these fluids are HYPERTONIC, but are regarded as EFFECTIVELY hypotonic or isotonic (respe...