BACKGROUND None of the existing options for long-term testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) for hypogonadal men are ideal. Depot replacement at frequent intervals and implants are effective but invasive and inconvenient for the patient. Oral therapy results in poor hormone levels. Both are associated with undesirable metabolic changes. A transdermal formulation therefore represents a potential...

Peptide antigens are combined with an adjuvant in order to increase immunogenicity in vivo. The immunogenicity and safety of a RSV vaccine formulated in a novel oil-based platform, DepoVax™ (DPX), was compared to an alum formulation. A peptide B cell epitope derived from RSV small hydrophobic ectodomain (SHe) served as the antigen. Both vaccines induced SHe-specific antibodies after immunizatio...

) is a synthetic agonist analogue of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone), administered as intramuscular or subcutaneous injections, and indicated for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. In the last decade, sustained release parenteral depot formulations have been developed, by entrapping the hydrophilic leuprorelin in biodegradable highly lip...

Depot formulations are not widely used in everyday practice. This study aimed to assess psychiatrists' attitudes toward the use of long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics in schizophrenia. We interviewed 113 French psychiatrists about the factors that influenced their prescription of LAI antipsychotics. Multidimensional and cluster analyses were used to detect correlations. The most importa...

OBJECTIVES To compare the pharmacodynamics and tolerability of the new goserelin acetate 10.8-mg depot with the 3.6-mg depot in patients with advanced prostate cancer during the first 3 months of therapy. METHODS One hundred sixty patients were randomized in two comparative studies to receive either the 10.8-mg goserelin acetate depot every 12 weeks or the 3.6-mg goserelin acetate depot every...

This paper addresses a multiple depot vehicle scheduling problem (MDVSP) arising in public transportation. The general problem consists in assigning vehicles to trips while minimising the number of scheduled vehicles and the operational costs. The MDVSP considered here takes into account heterogeneous types of vehicles with complex relations among them. This special feature matches well situati...

Abstract This paper introduces the Hierarchical Multi-Switch Multi-Echelon Vehicle Routing Problem, a new variant of well-known Problem. It is real-world problem originating from policies Nordic distribution company. The includes single depot, non-predetermined hierarchy intermediate facilities, and two different fleets, consisting homogeneous original local vehicles, which are pulling swap-bod...