Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase IIα (CaMKIIα) inhibitor (KN-93) injection into the locus coeruleus (LC) on the modulation of withdrawal signs. We also sought to study the effect of chronic morphine administration on CaMKIIα activity in the rat LC. Methods: The research was based on behavioral and molecular studies. In the behav...

Introduction Thyroid cancer is a malignant disease with poor prognosis. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 (CDK4) pathways are vital regulators of tumor cell proliferation and survival. Therefore the present study was designed to use dual inhibition of such pathways to kill thyroid cancer cells. Methods and materials The effects of each inhibitors on human ATC and...