Litokoala is revised on the basis of new material from the early to middle Miocene deposits of Riversleigh. A new species of Litokoala is described from the System B Outasite Local Fauna. Litokoala garyjohnstoni sp. nov. possesses a unique combination of both plesiomorphic and apomorphic dental features, making its phylogenetic position within Litokoala difficult to interpret. In some aspects o...

BACKGROUND Immunoglobulins mediate the host's humoral immune response are expressed in saliva. AIM To quantify the FcαR, FcγRIIB, and FcαμR gene expression in the saliva of Mexican patients with caries in mixed and permanent dentition. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This was a comparative cross-sectional study. mRNA was isolated from 200 μL of saliva following the RNA III Tissue Fresh-frozen protocol...

Cleft lip or palate is one of the most common types of craniomaxillofacial birth anomalies. Midface deficiency is a common feature of cleft lip and palate patients due to scar tissue of the lip and palate closure. Cleft lip and palate patients should be carefully evaluated by the craniofacial team in order to detect potentially serious deformities. Craniofacial team is involved with diagnosis o...

There is inconclusive evidence suggesting a possible association of asthma with increased risk of caries. The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence on the relation between asthma and caries. They performed an Ovid Medline (US National Library of Medicine) database search of literature published from 1950 through May 2010 using the Medical Subject Hea...

Background: The prevalence of TMD (temporomandibular disorder) in children and early adolescents varies widely. can cause permanent facial deformities affect occlusion speech, which will growth, development, quality life. For prevention, detection is needed. However, often not possible due to a lack understanding the normal shape condyle. Research on condyle symmetry has been much done. Purpose...

BACKGROUND Due to increasing demands for a full mouth implant reconstructions and the fact that the most failures are associated with biomechanical complications, determining the effect of different occlusal patterns on these complications seems inevitable. The aim of this study is to compare affection of different occlusal designs in full mouth implant reconstructed patients on electromyograph...